Which hormone is secreted in response to high levels of glucose in the bloodstream?

• A. Cortisol
• B. Glucagon
• C. Insulin
• D. Adrenaline

Answer: (C)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Step 1: Understand the role of glucose regulation in the body. The pancreas plays a key role in maintaining blood glucose levels through the secretion of hormones such as insulin and glucagon.
2. Step 2: Recall the function of insulin. Insulin is a hormone secreted by the beta cells of the pancreas in response to high levels of glucose in the bloodstream. Its primary function is to lower blood glucose levels by facilitating the uptake of glucose into cells and promoting glycogen synthesis in the liver.
3. Step 3: Differentiate insulin from other hormones listed in the problem. Cortisol is a stress hormone that increases blood glucose levels, glucagon is secreted in response to low blood glucose levels to raise it, and adrenaline (epinephrine) also increases blood glucose during stress. Insulin is the only hormone that lowers blood glucose levels.
4. Step 4: Connect the physiological response to the problem. When blood glucose levels are high, the body needs a mechanism to reduce them, and insulin is the hormone responsible for this action.
5. Step 5: Conclude that insulin is the correct answer based on its role in glucose regulation and its secretion in response to high blood glucose levels.