23. Digestive System

Histologic anatomy of the liver and pancreas

Functional Anatomy: Liver and Pancreas

Histology of Liver

Pancreas  Function, Enzymes & Role in Digestion

 The pancreatic duct empties into the duodenum, where activation of proteases occurs. Secreting initially inactive forms of proteases prevents self-digestion of the pancreas. 

 In order to prevent self-digestion of the pancreas, activation of pancreatic proteases occurs in the __________. 

Pancreas Structure and Function | Digestive System

Accessory Organs of the Small Intestine (Liver, Gallbladder, & Pancreas)

Digestive System Secretion

What is Bile? Components, Function, Storage

Exocrine pancreas | Gastrointestinal system physiology 

 Bile and pancreatic enzymes mix at the hepatopancreatic ampulla. 

 brush border enzymes and intrinsic factor 

 What substances from different organs would mix together at the hepatopancreatic ampulla? 

 Fat emulsification occurs by the detergent action of bile salts from the liver. 

 Emulsification of which organic molecules would be most affected if the liver were severely damaged? 

Mechanisms promoting secretion and release of bile and pancreatic juice

Normal Liver Histology

Digestive histology - Pancreas

 It has a role in detoxifying the blood. 

 The liver has four primary lobes (not three), it is able to store nutrients (such as glucose, stored in the form of glycogen), and it has a role in detoxifying the blood.<br><br>The liver is also highly regenerative. It can regenerate to its normal size even after surgical removal or loss of 70% of its normal mass. 

 Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of the liver? 

 Pancreatic juice contains water, enzymes, and electrolytes (mainly bicarbonate ions). Pancreatic enzymes include proteases to digest proteins (e.g., trypsinogen, chymotrypsinogen, procarboxypeptidase), amylases to digest carbohydrates, lipases to digest fats, and nucleases to digest nucleic acids such as DNA and RNA.<br><br>Secretin and cholecystokinin (CCK) are released by the small intestine.  

 __________ is/are NOT found in pancreatic secretions. 

 The splanchnic circulation includes those arteries that branch off the abdominal aorta to serve the digestive organs and the hepatic portal circulation. Hepatic portal circulation collects nutrient-rich blood from the GI tract and delivers it to the liver. 

 __________ circulation collects nutrient-rich blood from the GI tract and delivers it to the liver. 

Regulation of Pancreatic Juice and Bile Synthesis & Secretion

Bile - What Is Bile?

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8. Joints

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18. Cardiovascular System: the Heart

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24. Nutrition, Metabolism, Energy Balance

25. Urinary System

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27. Reproductive System

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29. Heredity

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Roles of bile and pancreatic juice in digestion

Regulation of bile and pancreatic juice secretion

Pharynx and esophagus

Swallowing

Functional Anatomy: Pharynx and Esophagus

Stomach structure

Gastric juice

Regulation of gastic secretion and stomach motility

Alkaline tide

Functional Anatomy: Stomach

The mouth: gross and microscopic anatomy, and basic functions

The dental formula, and deciduous and permanent teeth

Functional Anatomy: Mouth

Role of the gallbladder

Functional Anatomy: Gallbladder

Saliva and regulation of saliva

Functional Anatomy: Salivary Glands

Structural modifications of the small intestine wall

Cell types of the intestinal mucosa

Functions of intestinal hormones and paracrines

Functional Anatomy: Small Intestine

Digestive system, alimentary canal, and accessory digestive organs

Digestive system activity and processes

Peritoneum

Retroperitoneal organs

Alimentary canal

Stimuli and controls of digestive activity

Overview: General Features

Major functions of the large intestine

Regulation of defecation

Functional Anatomy: Large Intestine

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Digestive enzymes

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Absorption in the small intestine

Physiology of Digestion and Absorption

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