Which of the following organelles is responsible for producing ATP in eukaryotic cells?

• A. Nucleus
• B. Lysosome
• C. Golgi apparatus
• D. Mitochondrion

Answer: (D)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Step 1: Understand the role of ATP in cellular function. ATP (adenosine triphosphate) is the primary energy currency of the cell, used to power various biological processes such as muscle contraction, active transport, and chemical reactions.
2. Step 2: Review the function of each organelle listed in the question. The nucleus stores genetic material and regulates gene expression, lysosomes are involved in breaking down waste and cellular debris, and the Golgi apparatus modifies, sorts, and packages proteins and lipids for transport.
3. Step 3: Learn the specific function of mitochondria. Mitochondria are known as the 'powerhouses' of the cell because they produce ATP through a process called cellular respiration. This involves breaking down glucose and other molecules in the presence of oxygen to generate energy.
4. Step 4: Recall the process of cellular respiration. Cellular respiration occurs in the mitochondria and consists of three main stages: glycolysis, the citric acid cycle (Krebs cycle), and oxidative phosphorylation. The majority of ATP is produced during oxidative phosphorylation via the electron transport chain.
5. Step 5: Based on the information above, identify the correct organelle responsible for ATP production in eukaryotic cells. The mitochondrion is the organelle that performs this function.