Which peptide hormone stimulates the secretion of insulin from the pancreatic islets?

• A. Cholecystokinin
• B. Glucagon
• C. Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1)
• D. Gastrin

Answer: (C)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Understand the role of peptide hormones in the regulation of insulin secretion. Peptide hormones are short chains of amino acids that act as signaling molecules in the body.
2. Identify the function of each hormone listed in the problem. Cholecystokinin primarily stimulates the digestion of fats and proteins. Glucagon raises blood glucose levels by promoting glycogen breakdown in the liver.
3. Recognize the role of Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1). GLP-1 is an incretin hormone that enhances the secretion of insulin in response to food intake, helping to lower blood glucose levels.
4. Consider the physiological context in which GLP-1 operates. It is secreted by the intestinal cells in response to nutrient ingestion and acts on the pancreatic beta cells to stimulate insulin release.
5. Conclude that GLP-1 is the peptide hormone responsible for stimulating insulin secretion from the pancreatic islets, based on its function and mechanism of action.