The parasympathetic nervous system is especially active during which physiological state?

• A. Acute stress response
• B. Fight or flight
• C. Rest and digestion
• D. Intense physical activity

Answer: (C)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Step 1: Begin by understanding the role of the parasympathetic nervous system. It is part of the autonomic nervous system and is responsible for conserving energy and promoting 'rest and digest' activities in the body.
2. Step 2: Compare the physiological states listed in the problem. The parasympathetic nervous system is not typically active during acute stress response, fight or flight, or intense physical activity, as these states are associated with the sympathetic nervous system.
3. Step 3: Recognize that the parasympathetic nervous system is most active during periods of rest and digestion, when the body is focused on processes like lowering heart rate, increasing digestive activity, and conserving energy.
4. Step 4: Eliminate the incorrect options (acute stress response, fight or flight, intense physical activity) based on their association with the sympathetic nervous system.
5. Step 5: Conclude that the correct physiological state for parasympathetic nervous system activity is 'rest and digestion,' as it aligns with its primary functions.