In the urinary system, what is the functional unit of the kidney responsible for filtering blood and forming urine?

• A. Renal pelvis
• B. Glomerulus
• C. Ureter
• D. Nephron

Answer: (D)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Understand that the kidney's primary role is to filter blood and produce urine, which involves specialized structures.
2. Identify the main components of the kidney involved in filtration: the renal pelvis, glomerulus, ureter, and nephron.
3. Recognize that the renal pelvis is a funnel-shaped structure that collects urine but does not filter blood.
4. Know that the glomerulus is a network of capillaries within the nephron where blood filtration begins, but it is not the entire functional unit.
5. Conclude that the nephron is the complete functional unit of the kidney, consisting of the glomerulus and associated tubules, responsible for filtering blood and forming urine.