Why was the case of H.M. important to understanding the physiology of memory?

• A. It showed that the cerebellum is crucial for emotional regulation.
• B. It demonstrated the role of the hippocampus in forming new memories.
• C. It indicated that the frontal lobe is the primary center for visual memory.
• D. It proved that the amygdala is responsible for language processing.

Answer: (B)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Begin by understanding the background of H.M., a patient who underwent surgery to alleviate severe epilepsy, which involved removing parts of his brain, including the hippocampus.
2. Recognize that after the surgery, H.M. experienced profound anterograde amnesia, meaning he was unable to form new long-term memories, although his short-term memory remained intact.
3. Identify the significance of the hippocampus in memory formation, as H.M.'s case provided clear evidence that this brain structure is crucial for converting short-term memories into long-term memories.
4. Consider the implications of H.M.'s case for neuroscience, as it highlighted the specific role of the hippocampus in memory processing, rather than other brain regions like the cerebellum, frontal lobe, or amygdala.
5. Reflect on how H.M.'s case has influenced further research into memory disorders and the development of treatments for conditions involving memory impairment.