Which statement is best supported by the observable differences in the structure of humerus bones from various species?

• A. Humerus bones are only found in humans and not in other vertebrates.
• B. The structure of the humerus bone reflects adaptations to different types of movement and function.
• C. The humerus bone is not influenced by evolutionary pressures.
• D. All humerus bones have identical shapes regardless of the organism's lifestyle.

Answer: (B)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Understand the role of the humerus bone in vertebrates: The humerus is a long bone located in the upper limb of tetrapods, connecting the shoulder to the elbow. It plays a critical role in movement and function, influenced by the organism's lifestyle and environment.
2. Analyze the observable differences in humerus structure across species: Differences in the shape, size, and features of the humerus bone are adaptations to specific types of movement, such as flying in birds, swimming in aquatic animals, or running in terrestrial mammals.
3. Consider evolutionary pressures: Evolutionary pressures, such as the need for efficient locomotion or specialized functions, drive the structural adaptations of the humerus bone in different species.
4. Evaluate the incorrect statements: The humerus is not exclusive to humans; it is found in all tetrapods. Additionally, humerus bones do not have identical shapes across species, as they are influenced by evolutionary pressures and adapted to the organism's lifestyle.
5. Conclude with the correct statement: The structure of the humerus bone reflects adaptations to different types of movement and function, supporting the idea that evolutionary pressures shape anatomical structures to meet the demands of an organism's environment and lifestyle.