Which of the following organs eventually develop from the ectoderm cell layer?

• A. Brain and spinal cord
• B. Liver and pancreas
• C. Kidneys and bladder
• D. Heart and blood vessels

Answer: (A)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Understand the concept of germ layers: In embryonic development, three primary germ layers form, which are the ectoderm, mesoderm, and endoderm. Each layer gives rise to specific organs and tissues.
2. Identify the organs associated with the ectoderm: The ectoderm is the outermost layer and primarily develops into structures such as the nervous system (including the brain and spinal cord), skin, and sensory organs.
3. Review the options provided: Analyze each option to determine which organs are typically derived from the ectoderm. The brain and spinal cord are part of the nervous system, which originates from the ectoderm.
4. Consider the other germ layers: The liver and pancreas develop from the endoderm, the kidneys and bladder from the mesoderm, and the heart and blood vessels also from the mesoderm.
5. Conclude with the correct association: Based on the understanding of germ layers, the brain and spinal cord are the organs that develop from the ectoderm cell layer.