Which of the following best describes glomerular filtration rate (GFR)?

• A. The volume of filtrate formed by all the glomeruli in both kidneys per minute
• B. The amount of urine excreted by the kidneys per hour
• C. The rate at which blood flows through the renal arteries
• D. The concentration of solutes in the filtrate

Answer: (A)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Understand the concept of glomerular filtration rate (GFR): GFR refers to the volume of filtrate produced by all the glomeruli in both kidneys per minute. It is a key indicator of kidney function and reflects how efficiently the kidneys filter blood.
2. Eliminate incorrect options: The amount of urine excreted by the kidneys per hour is not the same as GFR, as GFR measures the filtration process, not urine output. Similarly, the rate at which blood flows through the renal arteries is related to renal blood flow, not GFR. The concentration of solutes in the filtrate is also not a direct measure of GFR.
3. Focus on the correct definition: GFR specifically measures the volume of filtrate formed by the glomeruli per minute, which is distinct from other renal processes like urine production or solute concentration.
4. Relate GFR to kidney function: GFR is used clinically to assess kidney health. A normal GFR indicates proper filtration, while a reduced GFR may signal kidney dysfunction or disease.
5. Summarize the correct answer: Based on the definition and elimination of incorrect options, the best description of GFR is 'The volume of filtrate formed by all the glomeruli in both kidneys per minute.'