Which nervous systems innervate the alimentary tract of the digestive system?

• A. Only the sympathetic nervous system
• B. Both the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems
• C. Only the central nervous system
• D. Only the somatic nervous system

Answer: (B)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Understand the alimentary tract's role in the digestive system: The alimentary tract is responsible for the movement of food, digestion, and absorption of nutrients. It requires regulation by the nervous system to coordinate these processes.
2. Learn about the autonomic nervous system (ANS): The ANS is divided into the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems, which control involuntary functions such as digestion, heart rate, and respiratory rate.
3. Explore the role of the parasympathetic nervous system: The parasympathetic nervous system promotes digestion by stimulating activities such as increased peristalsis (movement of food through the digestive tract) and secretion of digestive enzymes.
4. Explore the role of the sympathetic nervous system: The sympathetic nervous system inhibits digestion during stress or 'fight or flight' responses by reducing peristalsis and digestive secretions, redirecting energy to other systems.
5. Conclude that both the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems innervate the alimentary tract: These systems work together to regulate digestive processes based on the body's needs, ensuring proper function of the alimentary tract.