During the primary survey of a client with life-threatening injuries, which organ system should the nurse assess first?

• A. Integumentary system
• B. Respiratory system
• C. Reproductive system
• D. Digestive system

Answer: (B)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Step 1: Understand the primary survey process in emergency care. The primary survey is a systematic approach to identify and manage life-threatening conditions. It follows the ABCDE framework: Airway, Breathing, Circulation, Disability, and Exposure.
2. Step 2: Recognize the importance of the respiratory system in the ABCDE framework. The respiratory system is assessed first because maintaining an open airway and ensuring adequate breathing are critical for survival. Without oxygen, other organ systems cannot function properly.
3. Step 3: Compare the listed organ systems in the question. The integumentary system (skin), reproductive system, and digestive system are not immediately life-threatening in the context of the primary survey. The respiratory system, however, is essential for oxygen delivery to tissues.
4. Step 4: Recall that airway and breathing are prioritized in emergency care. The nurse must assess the respiratory system first to ensure the airway is clear and the client is breathing adequately. This includes checking for obstructions, listening for breath sounds, and observing chest movement.
5. Step 5: Conclude that the respiratory system is the correct answer based on the principles of the primary survey and the ABCDE framework. This ensures the client’s immediate survival needs are addressed before moving on to other systems.