Which of the following statements correctly describe(s) the role of aldosterone?
a. Aldosterone triggers sodium ion and so water reabsorption.
b. Aldosterone triggers potassium ion secretion.
c. Aldosterone triggers hydrogen ion secretion.
d. Both a and b are correct.
e. All of the above are correct.

Verified step by step guidance

1. Step 1: Understand the role of aldosterone. Aldosterone is a hormone secreted by the adrenal cortex that plays a key role in regulating electrolyte balance and blood pressure. It primarily acts on the distal tubules and collecting ducts of the nephron in the kidneys.
2. Step 2: Analyze statement (a). Aldosterone promotes the reabsorption of sodium ions (Na⁺) from the filtrate back into the bloodstream. Since water follows sodium due to osmosis, this also leads to water reabsorption, which helps maintain blood volume and pressure.
3. Step 3: Analyze statement (b). Aldosterone also triggers the secretion of potassium ions (K⁺) into the filtrate. This is important for maintaining proper potassium levels in the blood and overall electrolyte balance.
4. Step 4: Analyze statement (c). Aldosterone can also promote the secretion of hydrogen ions (H⁺) into the filtrate, which helps regulate acid-base balance in the body by reducing acidity in the blood.
5. Step 5: Evaluate the options. Based on the analysis of statements (a), (b), and (c), determine whether each statement is correct and identify the option that includes all correct statements.

Key Concepts

Aldosterone Function

Aldosterone is a steroid hormone produced by the adrenal glands that plays a crucial role in regulating sodium and potassium levels in the body. It promotes sodium reabsorption in the kidneys, which leads to water retention, thereby increasing blood volume and blood pressure. Additionally, aldosterone facilitates the secretion of potassium ions, helping to maintain electrolyte balance.

Electrolyte Balance

Electrolyte balance refers to the proper concentration of ions in the body fluids, which is essential for various physiological functions, including nerve conduction, muscle contraction, and hydration. Aldosterone's role in regulating sodium and potassium levels is vital for maintaining this balance, as an imbalance can lead to serious health issues such as hypertension or cardiac problems.

Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System (RAAS)

The Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System (RAAS) is a hormone system that regulates blood pressure and fluid balance. When blood pressure drops, renin is released, leading to the production of angiotensin II, which stimulates aldosterone secretion. This system is critical for understanding how aldosterone functions in response to changes in blood pressure and volume.