Parasympathetic functions include all of the following, EXCEPT:

• A. Stimulating digestive activity
• B. Decreasing heart rate
• C. Dilating the pupils
• D. Promoting salivation

Answer: (C)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Step 1: Begin by understanding the parasympathetic nervous system, which is part of the autonomic nervous system. Its primary role is to promote 'rest and digest' activities, helping the body conserve energy and perform maintenance functions.
2. Step 2: Review the functions of the parasympathetic nervous system. Common functions include stimulating digestive activity, decreasing heart rate, promoting salivation, and constricting the pupils to aid in close vision.
3. Step 3: Analyze the options provided in the question. Compare each function to the known roles of the parasympathetic nervous system. For example, stimulating digestive activity, decreasing heart rate, and promoting salivation align with parasympathetic functions.
4. Step 4: Identify the exception. Dilating the pupils is a function of the sympathetic nervous system, which is responsible for 'fight or flight' responses. This action prepares the body for heightened alertness and activity, contrasting with parasympathetic functions.
5. Step 5: Conclude that the correct answer is 'Dilating the pupils,' as it does not align with the parasympathetic nervous system's functions.