Which of the following structures is a component of the sympathetic nervous system?

• A. Vagus nerve
• B. Sympathetic chain ganglia
• C. Dorsal root ganglia
• D. Cerebellum

Answer: (B)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Understand the sympathetic nervous system: The sympathetic nervous system is part of the autonomic nervous system, responsible for the 'fight or flight' response. It primarily involves structures that regulate involuntary functions such as heart rate, blood pressure, and pupil dilation.
2. Identify the sympathetic chain ganglia: These are clusters of nerve cell bodies located along the vertebral column. They are a key component of the sympathetic nervous system, as they relay signals from the spinal cord to target organs.
3. Clarify the role of the vagus nerve: The vagus nerve is part of the parasympathetic nervous system, which is responsible for 'rest and digest' functions. It is not a component of the sympathetic nervous system.
4. Explain the dorsal root ganglia: These ganglia contain sensory neuron cell bodies and are involved in transmitting sensory information to the central nervous system. They are not part of the sympathetic nervous system.
5. Discuss the cerebellum: The cerebellum is a brain structure responsible for motor coordination and balance. It is not involved in the autonomic nervous system, including the sympathetic nervous system.