In renal anatomy, what is the basic functional unit of the kidney responsible for filtering blood and forming urine?

• A. Loop of Henle
• B. Nephron
• C. Renal pelvis
• D. Ureter

Answer: (B)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Understand that the kidney's primary role is to filter blood and produce urine, which involves specialized structures.
2. Identify the basic functional unit of the kidney, which is responsible for filtering blood and forming urine; this unit is called the nephron.
3. Recognize that the nephron consists of several parts, including the glomerulus (where filtration begins), the proximal tubule, the Loop of Henle, the distal tubule, and the collecting duct.
4. Note that while the Loop of Henle is a part of the nephron involved in concentrating urine, it is not the entire functional unit itself.
5. Conclude that the nephron is the correct answer because it encompasses all structures necessary for the kidney's filtration and urine formation processes.