How are Carbon-13 and Nitrogen-15 respectively different from the more abundant isotopes Carbon-12 and Nitrogen-14? Carbon-13 and Nitrogen-15 _______________:

• A. Each have an extra neutron.
• B. Each have an extra proton.
• C. Each have one less neutron.
• D. Each have one less proton.
• E. Each have one less electron.

Answer: (A)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Understand the concept of isotopes: Isotopes are variants of a particular chemical element that have the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons.
2. Identify the atomic structure of Carbon-12 and Carbon-13: Carbon-12 has 6 protons and 6 neutrons, while Carbon-13 has 6 protons and 7 neutrons.
3. Identify the atomic structure of Nitrogen-14 and Nitrogen-15: Nitrogen-14 has 7 protons and 7 neutrons, while Nitrogen-15 has 7 protons and 8 neutrons.
4. Compare the neutron count: Carbon-13 has one more neutron than Carbon-12, and Nitrogen-15 has one more neutron than Nitrogen-14.
5. Conclude that the difference between these isotopes is the number of neutrons, with Carbon-13 and Nitrogen-15 each having an extra neutron compared to their more abundant counterparts.