Which structure is common to plant and animal cells?a. chloroplastb. central vacuolec. mitochondriond. centriole

Verified step by step guidance

1. Identify the structures listed in the options: chloroplast, central vacuole, mitochondrion, and centriole.
2. Recall the basic differences between plant and animal cells, noting that plant cells have structures like chloroplasts and central vacuoles that are not found in animal cells.
3. Understand that mitochondria are known as the powerhouse of the cell and are present in both plant and animal cells, providing energy through ATP.
4. Recognize that centrioles are involved in cell division and are typically found in animal cells, but not in most plant cells.
5. Conclude that the structure common to both plant and animal cells is the mitochondrion.

Key Concepts

Cell Organelles

Cell organelles are specialized structures within cells that perform distinct functions necessary for cellular operation. Both plant and animal cells share several organelles, such as the nucleus, endoplasmic reticulum, and mitochondria, which are crucial for processes like energy production and protein synthesis.

Mitochondrion

The mitochondrion, often referred to as the powerhouse of the cell, is an organelle responsible for producing adenosine triphosphate (ATP) through cellular respiration. This process is vital for energy transfer within the cell, making mitochondria essential for both plant and animal cells.

Differences Between Plant and Animal Cells

While plant and animal cells share many organelles, they also have distinct differences. Plant cells contain chloroplasts for photosynthesis and a central vacuole for storage and maintaining turgor pressure, whereas animal cells have centrioles involved in cell division. Understanding these differences helps clarify which structures are common across both cell types.