23. Digestive System

Functions of intestinal hormones and paracrines

Functional Anatomy: Small Intestine

Control of the GI Tract: The Roles of Gastrin, CCK, Secretin, Motilin and Gastric Inhibitory Peptide

Control of the Digestive System 

Anatomy Review Digestive

 Peyer’s patches, which contain lymphocytes and macrophages, increase in number toward the end of the ileum, indicating that this region is rife with bacteria that must be prevented from entering the bloodstream. 

 What intestinal structure(s) consist(s) of protective aggregated nodules of lymphocytes and macrophages? 

Small Intestine

Intestinal Crypt

 There are three segments of the small intestine: the duodenum, the jejunum, and the ileum. The duodenum is the smallest segment of the small intestine; it directly receives chyme from the stomach. The jejunum is the middle portion of the small intestine, and the last part is the ileum. The ileum leads into the large intestine. The colon is part of the large intestine. 

 The __________ is the first segment of the small intestine. 

 Almost all digestion and nutrient absorption occur in the small intestine. The stomach has a role in the initial breakdown of protein, but very little nutrient absorption occurs in the stomach. Water, electrolytes, and some vitamins are absorbed in the large intestine. The liver can store nutrients, but it does not absorb nutrients from the GI tract into the blood. 

 Most digestion occurs in the small intestine. 

Structure Of The Small Intestine - Functions Of The Small Intestine - What Are Villi

Digestive System Secretion

 The small intestine is the major site of nutrient absorption. 

 The major site for nutrient absorption is the __________. 

 Salivary amylase secretion would increase. 

 Decreased intestinal surface area would lead to decreased absorption, leading to a long list of problems such as malnutrition, dehydration, diarrhea, and electrolyte imbalance. 

 The large intestine would take over as the primary absorptive site. 

 What would be the effect of stripping the small intestines of their villi? 

Alimentary canal and related accessory digestive organs

 The microvilli house brush border enzymes that digest carbohydrates and proteins in the small intestine. 

 Digestion of carbohydrates and proteins by brush border enzymes occurs within the __________ of the small intestine. 

Anatomy and Physiology of the Small Intestine

Small Intestine Histology

Small Intestine and Food Absorption | Physiology | Biology

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1. Introduction to A&P

2. Chemistry

3. Cells

4. Tissues

5. Integumentary System

6. Bones + Skeletal Tissues

7. Skeletal System

8. Joints

9. Muscles and Muscle Tissue

10. Muscular System

11. Nervous Tissue

12. Central Nervous System

13. Peripheral Nervous System

14. Autonomic Nervous System

15. Special Senses

16. Endocrine System

17. Blood

18. Cardiovascular System: the Heart

19. Cardiovascular System: Blood Vessels

20. Lymphatic System

21. Immune System

22. Respiratory System

24. Nutrition, Metabolism, Energy Balance

25. Urinary System

26. Fluid and Electrolyte Balance, Acid Base Balance

27. Reproductive System

28. Pregnancy and Human Development

29. Heredity

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Histologic anatomy of the liver and pancreas

Roles of bile and pancreatic juice in digestion

Regulation of bile and pancreatic juice secretion

Functional Anatomy: Liver and Pancreas

Pharynx and esophagus

Swallowing

Functional Anatomy: Pharynx and Esophagus

Stomach structure

Gastric juice

Regulation of gastic secretion and stomach motility

Alkaline tide

Functional Anatomy: Stomach

The mouth: gross and microscopic anatomy, and basic functions

The dental formula, and deciduous and permanent teeth

Functional Anatomy: Mouth

Role of the gallbladder

Functional Anatomy: Gallbladder

Saliva and regulation of saliva

Functional Anatomy: Salivary Glands

Structural modifications of the small intestine wall

Cell types of the intestinal mucosa

Digestive system, alimentary canal, and accessory digestive organs

Digestive system activity and processes

Peritoneum

Retroperitoneal organs

Alimentary canal

Stimuli and controls of digestive activity

Overview: General Features

Major functions of the large intestine

Regulation of defecation

Functional Anatomy: Large Intestine

Digestion and absorption processes

Digestive enzymes

Digestion end products

Absorption in the small intestine

Physiology of Digestion and Absorption

General Chemistry

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