Which of the following are results of activation of the complement system? 
1.Removal or destruction of microbes. 2.  Inflammation. 3.  Production of antibodies.

• A. 2 only.
• B. 1 and 2.
• C. 3 only.
• D. 1, 2, and 3.

Answer: (B)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Understand the complement system: The complement system is a part of the immune system that enhances the ability to clear microbes and damaged cells, promote inflammation, and attack the pathogen's cell membrane.
2. Identify the functions of the complement system: The primary functions include opsonization (marking pathogens for destruction), chemotaxis (attracting immune cells to the site of infection), cell lysis (breaking down the cell membranes of pathogens), and promoting inflammation.
3. Evaluate option 1: Removal or destruction of microbes is a direct result of the complement system through opsonization and cell lysis.
4. Evaluate option 2: Inflammation is promoted by the complement system as it helps recruit immune cells to the site of infection, enhancing the inflammatory response.
5. Evaluate option 3: Production of antibodies is not a direct result of the complement system. Antibodies are produced by B cells in response to antigens, not by the complement system itself.