4. Tissues

Epithelial Tissue

Tissue Types

Types of Tissue Part 1: Epithelial Tissue

 Adipose tissue is an example of a loose connective tissue. Bone is an example of an osseous connective tissue. 

 The best classification of adipose tissue is __________. 

 While areolar connective tissue holds body fluids, stores nutrients, supports and binds other tissues, and defends the body against infection, movement of body parts is a task performed by the three different types of muscle tissue: skeletal, cardiac, and smooth. 

 Which of the following is NOT a function of areolar connective tissue? 

 All connective tissues have a common, mesenchymal origin and secrete ground substance. 

 mesenchymal origin and secretion of ground substance 

 secretion of ground substance and elastic fibers 

 All connective tissues share what features in common? 

 The epidermis is stratified squamous epithelium. 

 Which of the following is found on the surface of the skin? 

Microscopic appearance of pseudostratified columnar epithelium

Tissues

 Fibroblasts secrete the ground substance of connective tissue proper. 

 Osteoblasts secrete the ground substance of bone. 

 Which cells secrete the ground substance of cartilage? 

Connective Tissue

 Neurons are important for transmitting signals that allow us to respond to stimuli. 

 Neurons are cells that are involved in __________. 

 Blood is an example of a connective tissue. One key role of blood is to transport substances through the body. 

 Which of the following is a role of connective tissue? 

 Collagen is a fibrous elastic material that allows certain connective tissues to resume their original length and shape upon being stretched. 

 Collagen is a fibrous protein that provides tensile strength. 

 Collagen is a protein designed to help tissues retain fluids for tissue cushioning. 

 Collagen is a substance that forms delicate networks around blood vessels. 

 Collagen is a fibrous protein that provides tensile strength to certain connective tissues. 

 Collagen is a gel-like substance that is found in the extracellular matrix of certain connective tissues. 

 Which of the following statements about collagen is true? 

 Simple columnar epithelial tissue lines most of the digestive tract, from the stomach to the rectum. 

 Which of the following tissues lines the majority of the digestive tract, from stomach to rectum? 

 Stratified squamous is the thickest form of epithelial tissue and is composed of multiple layers of flat cells. 

 Which of the following types of epithelial tissue provides the greatest amount of protection from rubbing, wear, and tear? 

Microscopic appearance of simple squamous epithelium

 All normal epithelia exhibit polarity. Polarity is defined by the presence of an apical and a basal surface. Sometimes cancer cells lose polarity characteristics. 

 Polarity is a property of all normal epithelial tissues. 

Types of Tissue Part 2: Connective Tissue

 a cell that possesses the ability to change its shape 

 Squamous cells are flattened and scale-like. 

 Which of the following descriptions best describes a squamous-shaped cell? 

Microscopic appearance of dense regular connective tissue

Muscle Tissue

 Simple squamous endothelium lines the interior of blood vessels. 

 Which of the following types of epithelial tissue lines the interior of blood vessels? 

 Goblet cells are simple columnar epithelial cells. 

 Mucous that protects your stomach lining is secreted by which type of epithelial cell? 

 Dense connective tissue is found in tendons and ligaments. 

 Fibrocartilage is found in intervertebral discs. 

 Areolar connective tissue serves as a packing material between tissues. 

 The stroma of most lymphoid organs is composed of ___________. 

Types & Structure of Muscle Tissue

 Blood is a liquid tissue and does not provide support. 

 Cartilage provides secondary support because it is not as hard as bone. 

 Nervous tissue is soft and does not provide support. 

 Reticular connective tissue is found in soft tissues and does not provide primary support. 

 Muscle tissue is soft and does not provide support. 

 What type of connective tissue provides support and protection for body structures and is a site for synthesizing blood and fat storage? 

Microscopic appearance of stratified squamous epithelium

 All connective tissue is derived from a common embryonic tissue called mesenchyme. 

 All connective tissues arise from a common embryonic tissue called mesenchyme. 

 Cardiac muscle is characterized by the presence of intercalated discs. Additionally, cardiac muscle is under an involuntary control mechanism. While smooth muscle is indeed regulated by involuntary mechanisms, it does not contain intercalated disks. Lastly, uterine muscle is smooth muscle, so intercalated disks would not be present. 

 Which type of muscle tissue has intercalated discs and is involuntarily controlled?  

 While pseudostratified epithelia have the illusion of being a multi-layered tissue, they are in fact made up of only one cell layer. The irregular heights of the cells that make up pseudostratified epithelia give the tissue a layered appearance. In reality, all of the cells in this tissue rest on the basement membrane. 

 You observe a tissue that has cells of varying heights. At first glance, it appears that the tissue has multiple cell layers, but upon closer investigation you see that all of the cells attach to the same basement membrane. What classification would you give to this epithelial tissue? 

 Nervous tissue sends electrical signals to control the body. 

 Which of the following regulates and controls body functions? 

 Simple squamous epithelial tissue, composed of a single layer of flattened cells, occurs wherever small molecules must pass through a membrane quickly. 

 Which of the following epithelial tissue types is best adapted for the rapid transport of materials across its membranes? 

 Epithelium is derived from all three germ layers. Ectoderm gives rise to the epidermis. Endoderm gives rise to epithelial lining of the digestive and respiratory tracts. Mesoderm gives rise to serous membranes that line the peritoneal, pleural, and pericardial cavities. 

 Ectoderm, endoderm, and mesoderm can all give rise to epithelial tissues. 

 All of the body's organs are derived from three primary germ layers. Which of the primary germ layers can produce epithelial tissues? 

Types of Connective Tissues

 The cross-linked fibrils of collagen fibers make them strong fibers with the greatest tensile strength. 

 Which fiber is the strongest, with the greatest tensile strength due to cross-linked fibrils? 

 Cardiac muscle is striated, branching, and limited to the heart. 

 Skeletal muscle is striated and voluntary. 

 Which type of muscle is unstriated, unbranched, involuntary, spindle shaped, and found in the walls of most hollow organs? 

Areolar connective tissue: A prototype (model) connective tissue

 Transitional epithelium forms the lining of hollow urinary organs, which stretch as they fill with urine. 

 Transitional epithelium can be found in which body system? 

Microscopic appearance of Simple cuboidal epithelium

 Dense regular connective tissue forms tendons. 

 Epithelial tissue is an innervated but typically avascular tissue. Epithelial tissue is also highly regenerative. 

 Epithelial tissues are innervated and usually vascularized. 

Microscopic appearance of simple columnar epithelium

 Ectoderm does not give rise to connective tissue. It gives rise to nervous tissue.  

 Endoderm does not give rise to connective tissue. It gives rise to epithelial tissue.  

 Connective tissue arises from which of the following embryonic tissues? 

 Blood is a connective tissue with a liquid matrix called plasma. Bone is a connective tissue with a solid matrix. Cartilage is a connective tissue that functions to cushion and support body structures. Transitional is a type of epithelial tissue that stretches readily and permits stored urine to distend a urinary organ such as the bladder. 

 Which of the following is NOT a type of connective tissue? 

Microscopic appearance of dense irregular connective tissue

 Epithelial tissue has a high rate of regeneration. 

 The cells of epithelial tissue are tightly compacted and form a continuous sheet. 

 Which of the following correctly characterizes epithelial tissue? 

Microscopic appearance of areolar connective tissue

Microscopic appearance of hyaline cartilage

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