19. Fluid Mechanics

A classic manometer (as shown below) has one of its ends open, and a 2 atm gas on the other. When mercury (13,600 kg/m³ ) is added to the manometer, you measure the top of the mercury column on the left to be 40 cm higher than the mercury column on the right. Calculate the atmospheric pressure that the manometer is exposed to, in units of atm. (Use g=9.8 m/s².)

In a U-tube manometer connected to a gas tank, point 2 is located at the same horizontal level as the open end exposed to atmospheric pressure. If the height difference between the mercury columns is $h$, the density of mercury is $\rho$, and atmospheric pressure is $p{a}_t$, what is the gauge pressure $p{\mathrm{gauge}}_2$ at point 2?

A U-tube manometer is connected to a gas tank. The left arm is open to the atmosphere, and the right arm is connected to the tank. The mercury level in the right arm is $12\mathrm{cm}$ lower than in the left arm. If atmospheric pressure is $101325\mathrm{Pa}$, what does the top pressure gauge (connected to the tank) read?

A U-tube manometer is filled with mercury and connected to four different gas containers. Which gas applies the most pressure to the manometer if the height difference between the mercury columns is as follows: Container A: $10 \mathrm{cm}$, Container B: $25 \mathrm{cm}$, Container C: $5 \mathrm{cm}$, Container D: $15 \mathrm{cm}$?