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18. Waves & Sound

Standing Waves

18. Waves & Sound

Standing Waves

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Intro to Transverse Standing Waves

Intro to Transverse Standing Waves

Equations for Transverse Standing Waves

Equations for Transverse Standing Waves

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Standing wave harmonics on guitar strings (and pianos, banjos, and harps, I guess) | Doc Physics

Standing wave harmonics on guitar strings (and pianos, banjos, and harps, I guess) | Doc Physics

Standing Waves - IB Physics

Standing Waves - IB Physics

Andy Masley's IB Physics Lectures

Standing Wave Harmonics -- xmdemo 139

Standing Wave Harmonics -- xmdemo 139

Bozeman Science

Standing Waves Introduction

Standing Waves Introduction

Flipping Physics

Standing Waves and Harmonics

Standing Waves and Harmonics

Professor Dave Explains

Standing Wave Demo: Slinky

Standing Wave Demo: Slinky

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Practice this topic

Multiple Choice

In the following figure, what is the harmonic number of the standing wave? The wavelength of the standing wave? If the frequency of the standing wave is 30 Hz, what is the speed of the waves producing the standing wave?

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Multiple Choice

An unknown mass hangs on the end of a 2 m rope anchored to the ceiling when a strong wind causes the rope to vibrate and hum at its fundamental frequency of 100 Hz. If the rope has a mass of 0.15 kg, what is the unknown mass?

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Multiple Choice

The figure shows a standing wave on a string. What are the mode number and wavelength for this standing wave?

Multiple Choice

A standing wave on a string in the

m = 3

mode has a frequency of

930 Hz .

What is the frequency of the

m = 2

Multiple Choice

By whipping a string up and down, you determine the fundamental frequency to be 4 Hz. If you attached the string to a motorized oscillator and increased the frequency to 28 Hz, how many loops would this standing wave have?

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Multiple Choice

One of the harmonic frequencies for a particular string under tension is 325 Hz. The next higher harmonic frequency is 390 Hz. What harmonic frequency is next higher after the harmonic frequency 195 Hz?

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Multiple Choice

The figure below shows a standing wave on a 2.0-m-long string that has been fixed at both ends and tightened until the wave speed is 40 m/s. What is the frequency of this wave?

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Multiple Choice

A 3m-long rope is stretched between two supports with a tension that makes the speed of transverse waves 60 m/s. What are the wavelength and frequency of the second outcome?

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Textbook Question

CALC. A thin, taut string tied at both ends and oscillating in its third harmonic has its shape described by the equation y(x, t) = (5.60 cm) sin[(0.0340 rad/cm)x] sin[(50.0 rad/s)t], where the origin is at the left end of the string, the x-axis is along the string, and the y-axis is perpendicular to the string. (a) Draw a sketch that shows the standing-wave pattern.

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Textbook Question

The wave function of a standing wave is y(x, t) = 4.44 mm sin[(32.5 rad/m)x] sin[(754 rad/s)t]. For the two traveling waves that make up this standing wave, find the (d) wave speed.

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Textbook Question

The wave function of a standing wave is y(x, t) = 4.44 mm sin[(32.5 rad/m)x] sin[(754 rad/s)t]. For the two traveling waves that make up this standing wave, find the (c) frequency.

Has a video solution.

Textbook Question

The wave function of a standing wave is y(x, t) = 4.44 mm sin[(32.5 rad/m)x] sin[(754 rad/s)t]. For the two traveling waves that make up this standing wave, find the (b) wavelength.

Has a video solution.

Textbook Question

The wave function of a standing wave is y(x, t) = 4.44 mm sin[(32.5 rad/m)x] sin[(754 rad/s)t]. For the two traveling waves that make up this standing wave, find the (a) amplitude.

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Textbook Question

A piano tuner stretches a steel piano wire with a tension of 800 N. The steel wire is 0.400 m long and has a mass of 3.00 g. (a) What is the frequency of its fundamental mode of vibration?

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Textbook Question

A wire with mass 40.0 g is stretched so that its ends are tied down at points 80.0 cm apart. The wire vibrates in its fundamental mode with frequency 60.0 Hz and with an amplitude at the antinodes of 0.300 cm. (a) What is the speed of propagation of transverse waves in the wire?

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Textbook Question

A 1.50-m-long rope is stretched between two supports with a tension that makes the speed of transverse waves 62.0 m/s.What are the wavelength and frequency of (c) the fourth harmonic?

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Textbook Question

A 1.50-m-long rope is stretched between two supports with a tension that makes the speed of transverse waves 62.0 m/s.What are the wavelength and frequency of (b) the second overtone?

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Textbook Question

A 1.50-m-long rope is stretched between two supports with a tension that makes the speed of transverse waves 62.0 m/s.What are the wavelength and frequency of (a) the fundamental?

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Textbook Question

BIO Tendons are, essentially, elastic cords stretched between two fixed ends. As such, they can support standing waves. A woman has a 20-cm-long Achilles tendon—connecting the heel to a muscle in the calf—with a cross-section area of 90 mm^2 . The density of tendon tissue is 1100 kg/m^3 . For a reasonable tension of 500 N, what will be the fundamental frequency of her Achilles tendon?

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Textbook Question

When mass M is tied to the bottom end of a long, thin wire suspended from the ceiling, the wire's second-harmonic frequency is 200 Hz. Adding an additional 1.0 kg to the hanging mass increases the second-harmonic frequency to 245 Hz. What is M?

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Textbook Question

A flutist assembles her flute in a room where the speed of sound is 342 m/s . When she plays the note A, it is in perfect tune with a 440 Hz tuning fork. After a few minutes, the air inside her flute has warmed to where the speed of sound is 346 m/s. b. How far does she need to extend the 'tuning joint' of her flute to be in tune with the tuning fork?

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Textbook Question

An old mining tunnel disappears into a hillside. You would like to know how long the tunnel is, but it's too dangerous to go inside. Recalling your recent physics class, you decide to try setting up standing-wave resonances inside the tunnel. Using your subsonic amplifier and loudspeaker, you find resonances at 4.5 Hz and 6.3 Hz, and at no frequencies between these. It's rather chilly inside the tunnel, so you estimate the sound speed to be 335 m/s . Based on your measurements, how far is it to the end of the tunnel?

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Textbook Question

A 1.0-m-tall vertical tube is filled with 20°C water. A tuning fork vibrating at 580 Hz is held just over the top of the tube as the water is slowly drained from the bottom. At what water heights, measured from the bottom of the tube, will there be a standing wave in the tube above the water?

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Textbook Question

A 280 Hz sound wave is directed into one end of the trombone slide seen in FIGURE P17.55. A microphone is placed at the other end to record the intensity of sound waves that are transmitted through the tube. The straight sides of the slide are 80 cm in length and 10 cm apart with a semicircular bend at the end. For what slide extensions s will the microphone detect a maximum of sound intensity?

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Textbook Question

BIO Deep-sea divers often breathe a mixture of helium and oxygen to avoid getting the 'bends' from breathing high-pressure nitrogen. The helium has the side effect of making the divers' voices sound odd. Although your vocal tract can be roughly described as an open-closed tube, the way you hold your mouth and position your lips greatly affects the standing-wave frequencies of the vocal tract. This is what allows different vowels to sound different. The 'ee' sound is made by shaping your vocal tract to have standing-wave frequencies at, normally, 270 Hz and 2300 Hz. What will these frequencies be for a helium-oxygen mixture in which the speed of sound at body temperature is 750 m/s ? The speed of sound in air at body temperature is 350 m/s .

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Textbook Question

A 170-cm-long open-closed tube has a standing sound wave at 250 Hz on a day when the speed of sound is 340 m/s . How many pressure antinodes are there, and how far is each from the open end of the tube?

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Textbook Question

A bass clarinet can be modeled as a 120-cm-long open-closed tube. A bass clarinet player starts playing in a 20° C room, but soon the air inside the clarinet warms to where the speed of sound is 352 m/s . Does the fundamental frequency increase or decrease? By how much?

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Textbook Question

The fundamental frequency of an open-open tube is 1500 Hz when the tube is filled with 0°C helium. What is its frequency when filled with 0°C air?

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Textbook Question

A carbon dioxide laser is an infrared laser. A CO2 laser with a cavity length of 53.00 cm oscillates in the m=100,000 mode. What are the wavelength and frequency of the laser beam?

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Textbook Question

The two highest-pitch strings on a violin are tuned to 440 Hz (the A string) and 659 Hz (the E string). What is the ratio of the mass of the A string to that of the E string? Violin strings are all the same length and under essentially the same tension.

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Textbook Question

Standing waves on a 1.0-m-long string that is fixed at both ends are seen at successive frequencies of 36 Hz and 48 Hz. b. Draw the standing-wave pattern when the string oscillates at 48 Hz.

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Textbook Question

a. What are the three longest wavelengths for standing waves on a 60 cm long string that is fixed at both ends?

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Textbook Question

FIGURE EX17.6 shows a standing wave oscillating at 100 Hz on a string. What is the wave speed?

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Textbook Question

A string under tension has a fundamental frequency of 220 Hz. What is the fundamental frequency if the tension is doubled?

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Textbook Question

INT One end of a 75-cm-long, 2.5 g guitar string is attached to a spring. The other end is pulled, which stretches the spring. The guitar string's second harmonic occurs at 550 Hz when the spring has been stretched by 5.0 cm. What is the value of the spring constant?

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Textbook Question

A violinist places her finger so that the vibrating section of a 1.0 g/m string has a length of 30 cm, then she draws her bow across it. A listener nearby in a 20°C room hears a note with a wavelength of 40 cm. What is the tension in the string?

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Textbook Question

FIGURE EX17.7 shows a standing wave on a string that is oscillating at 100 Hz. a. How many antinodes will there be if the frequency is increased to 200 Hz?

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