Which part of the renal tubule is lined with cuboidal epithelial cells bordered by dense microvilli?

• A. Distal convoluted tubule
• B. Loop of Henle (nephron loop)
• C. Proximal convoluted tubule
• D. Collecting duct

Answer: (C)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Understand the structure and function of the renal tubule: The renal tubule is divided into several segments, including the proximal convoluted tubule, loop of Henle, distal convoluted tubule, and collecting duct. Each segment has distinct histological features and functions.
2. Learn about cuboidal epithelial cells: Cuboidal epithelial cells are cube-shaped cells that are commonly found in areas of the body where absorption and secretion occur. In the renal tubule, these cells play a critical role in reabsorbing substances from the filtrate.
3. Focus on microvilli: Microvilli are small, finger-like projections on the surface of epithelial cells that increase surface area for absorption. Dense microvilli are characteristic of cells that perform extensive reabsorption, such as those in the proximal convoluted tubule.
4. Identify the proximal convoluted tubule: The proximal convoluted tubule is the first segment of the renal tubule, located immediately after the glomerulus. It is lined with cuboidal epithelial cells that have dense microvilli, which facilitate the reabsorption of water, ions, and nutrients from the filtrate.
5. Compare with other segments: The distal convoluted tubule, loop of Henle, and collecting duct have different histological features. For example, the distal convoluted tubule has fewer microvilli, the loop of Henle has thin and thick segments with varying cell types, and the collecting duct is involved in water reabsorption and is lined with cuboidal or columnar cells without dense microvilli.