Which of the following is the most abundant waste solute in urine?

• A. Urea
• B. Creatinine
• C. Glucose
• D. Uric acid

Answer: (A)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Understand the composition of urine: Urine is primarily composed of water, but it also contains various waste solutes that are excreted by the kidneys. These solutes include urea, creatinine, uric acid, and other substances.
2. Learn about urea: Urea is a nitrogenous waste product formed during the breakdown of proteins and amino acids in the liver. It is transported to the kidneys via the bloodstream and excreted in urine. Urea is the most abundant waste solute in urine.
3. Compare urea with other options: Creatinine is a waste product of muscle metabolism and is excreted in urine, but it is present in smaller amounts compared to urea. Glucose is typically reabsorbed by the kidneys and is not a waste solute unless there is a pathological condition like diabetes. Uric acid is a waste product of purine metabolism, but it is less abundant than urea in urine.
4. Recognize the physiological significance: The kidneys play a crucial role in filtering blood and excreting waste products like urea. Urea concentration in urine reflects the body's protein metabolism and kidney function.
5. Conclude based on the information: Urea is the most abundant waste solute in urine due to its role in nitrogen excretion and its high concentration compared to other waste products like creatinine, glucose, and uric acid.