Cells that line your intestines are known to possess a large number of membrane proteins that transport small molecules and ions across the plasma membrane. Which of the following cell structures would you expect to be required for this characteristic of the cells?a. the endoplasmic reticulumb. peroxisomesc. lysosomesd. the cell wall

Verified step by step guidance

1. Identify the function of each cell structure listed in the options.
2. Understand that membrane proteins are synthesized and processed in specific organelles.
3. Recall that the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is involved in the synthesis of proteins, especially those that are membrane-bound or secreted.
4. Consider that peroxisomes and lysosomes are involved in different cellular processes, such as detoxification and digestion, respectively, and are not directly related to protein synthesis for the plasma membrane.
5. Recognize that the cell wall is not present in animal cells and is not involved in the synthesis or transport of membrane proteins.

Key Concepts

Membrane Proteins

Membrane proteins are integral or peripheral proteins that reside within or on the surface of the cell membrane. They play crucial roles in transporting molecules and ions across the plasma membrane, facilitating communication and signaling between the cell and its environment. In intestinal cells, these proteins are essential for nutrient absorption and maintaining homeostasis.

Plasma Membrane

The plasma membrane is a selective barrier that surrounds the cell, composed of a phospholipid bilayer with embedded proteins. It regulates the entry and exit of substances, allowing essential nutrients to enter while keeping harmful substances out. Understanding its structure and function is vital for comprehending how cells transport molecules and ions.

Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER)

The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is an organelle involved in the synthesis and transport of proteins and lipids. The rough ER, studded with ribosomes, is particularly important for producing membrane proteins, which are crucial for the function of intestinal cells. The ER's role in protein processing and transport is essential for maintaining the functionality of membrane proteins involved in nutrient transport.