How do the extracellular filaments in plants differ from those in animals?a. Plant filaments resist compression forces; animal filaments resist pulling forces.b. Animal filaments consist of proteins; plant filaments consist of polysaccharides.c. Plant extracellular filaments never move; animal filaments can slide past one another.d. Plant filaments run parallel to one another; animal filaments crisscross.

Verified step by step guidance

1. Identify the main components of extracellular filaments in plants and animals.
2. Understand the primary function of plant extracellular filaments, which are mainly composed of cellulose, a polysaccharide, providing structural support and resisting compression.
3. Recognize that animal extracellular filaments, such as collagen, are protein-based and primarily resist tensile (pulling) forces.
4. Consider the structural arrangement: plant filaments are often organized in a parallel manner to provide rigidity, while animal filaments like collagen can crisscross to allow flexibility and movement.
5. Evaluate each option based on these characteristics to determine which statement accurately describes the differences between plant and animal extracellular filaments.

Key Concepts

Extracellular Filaments

Extracellular filaments are structural components found outside the cell membrane that provide support and shape to cells. In plants, these filaments primarily consist of polysaccharides like cellulose, which help resist compression forces. In contrast, animal extracellular filaments, such as collagen and elastin, are protein-based and are designed to withstand tensile (pulling) forces.

Mechanical Forces

Mechanical forces refer to the physical stresses that materials experience, such as tension, compression, and shear. In plants, the extracellular matrix is adapted to resist compression due to the weight of the plant and external pressures. Conversely, animal tissues are structured to handle pulling forces, allowing for flexibility and movement, which is crucial for muscle and connective tissues.

Cellular Movement and Arrangement

The arrangement and movement of extracellular filaments differ significantly between plants and animals. In plants, filaments are typically rigid and do not move, providing a stable structure. In contrast, animal filaments can slide past one another, allowing for dynamic changes in shape and flexibility, which is essential for various physiological functions, including muscle contraction and tissue repair.