During the process of transcription, .a. DNA serves as a template for the synthesis of more DNA;b. DNA serves as a template for the synthesis of RNA;c. DNA serves as a template for the synthesis of proteins;d. RNA serves as a template for the synthesis of proteins

Verified step by step guidance

1. Understand the process of transcription: Transcription is the first step in gene expression where a segment of DNA is copied into RNA by the enzyme RNA polymerase.
2. Identify the role of DNA in transcription: During transcription, DNA serves as a template to guide the synthesis of RNA.
3. Differentiate between transcription and translation: Transcription involves the synthesis of RNA from DNA, whereas translation involves the synthesis of proteins from RNA.
4. Eliminate options that do not describe transcription: Option a describes DNA replication, and option c describes translation, not transcription.
5. Select the correct option: Based on the understanding that transcription involves the synthesis of RNA from a DNA template, choose the option that correctly describes this process.

Key Concepts

Transcription

Transcription is the biological process in which the genetic information encoded in DNA is copied into messenger RNA (mRNA). This process occurs in the nucleus of eukaryotic cells and involves the enzyme RNA polymerase, which synthesizes RNA by reading the DNA template strand. Transcription is a crucial step in gene expression, allowing the information in genes to be translated into functional proteins.

DNA as a Template

In transcription, DNA serves as a template for synthesizing RNA. The specific sequence of nucleotides in the DNA determines the sequence of nucleotides in the resulting RNA molecule. This complementary base pairing ensures that the genetic code is accurately transcribed, allowing for the correct synthesis of proteins during translation.

RNA and Protein Synthesis

Once transcription is complete, the mRNA produced carries the genetic information from the DNA to the ribosomes, where protein synthesis occurs. This process, known as translation, involves decoding the mRNA sequence into a specific sequence of amino acids, ultimately forming a protein. Thus, RNA plays a critical intermediary role in the flow of genetic information from DNA to functional proteins.