4. 2D Kinematics

In the context of plate tectonics, about how fast do tectonic plates typically move in relation to each other each year?

Which of the following best explains the difference between $\mathrm{speed}$ and $\mathrm{velocity}$ in two-dimensional motion?

Two meteoroids are heading for Earth. Their speeds as they cross the Moon's orbit are both $1.5 \mathrm{km}/s$, but one is moving directly toward Earth while the other is moving at a $60°$ angle to the line connecting the Moon and Earth. Which statement correctly compares the magnitudes of their velocity components toward Earth?

A bicyclist moves in the x-y plane such that their position at time $t$ is given by $x=2t+1$ meters and $y=3t^2$ meters. What is the bicyclist's velocity vector at $t=10s$?

In two-dimensional motion, how does the speed of an object compare to the magnitude of its velocity vector $\left|\mathbf{v}\right|$?

In two-dimensional motion, under which condition is the $v_x$-component of velocity is negative?

An electron moves in a two-dimensional plane under the influence of a constant magnetic field perpendicular to the plane. If the electron's speed at point i is $v_i$ and at point f is $v_f$, how does $v_f$ compare to $v_i$?

A car moves along a curved path in the $xy$-plane, and its speed at five different points labeled $a$, $b$, $c$, $d$, and $e$ is measured. If the car's speed at these points is as follows: at $a$: $10$ m/s, at $b$: $15$ m/s, at $c$: $12$ m/s, at $d$: $8$ m/s, and at $e$: $15$ m/s, which of the following correctly ranks the car's speed from fastest to slowest at these points?

A ball is thrown upward at an angle to the horizontal. What is the velocity of the ball when it reaches its highest point?

Velocity differs from speed in that velocity indicates a particle's $\mathrm{direction}$ of motion.

Which of the following best describes the difference between $\mathrm{speed}$ and $\mathrm{velocity}$ in two-dimensional motion?

In the context of seismic waves and Earth's structure, approximately how fast do $S$-waves travel through the Earth's outer core?

An aircraft is flying with a constant ground speed of $114$ knots. How far will it travel in $7.5$ minutes? ($1$ knot = $1$ nautical mile per hour)

Which of the following best describes the settling velocity of a particle moving in a fluid in two dimensions?

If Mars orbits the Sun at less than $60\%$ of the speed of Earth, which of the following best describes the relationship between the orbital velocities of Mars and Earth?