8. Centripetal Forces & Gravitation

In the context of satellite motion around $\mathrm{Earth}$, which of the following best represents the distance of a satellite from the center of the $\mathrm{Earth}$?

A space shuttle orbits at an altitude of $300 \mathrm{km}$ above the surface of the Earth. Which of the following best explains why the shuttle remains in orbit rather than falling straight down to Earth?

Which of the following correctly describes the relationship between the orbital speed $v$ of a satellite in a circular orbit of radius $r$ around the Earth (mass $M$) and the gravitational constant $G$?

Which of the following best explains how engineers keep satellites in orbit around the $Earth$?

In the context of satellite motion and reference frames, which statement best describes the motion of the $\mathrm{Sun}$?

A satellite orbiting the moon very near the surface has a period of 110 min. What is free-fall acceleration on the surface of the moon? Astronomical data are inside the back cover of the book.

For a satellite to be in a circular orbit 890 km above the surface of the earth, what orbital speed must it be given?

On July 15, 2004, NASA launched the Aura spacecraft to study the earth's climate and atmosphere. This satellite was injected into an orbit 705 km above the earth's surface. Assume a circular orbit. How many hours does it take this satellite to make one orbit?

In its orbit each day, the International Space Station makes 15.65 revolutions around the earth. Assuming a circular orbit, how high is this satellite above the surface of the earth?

Two satellites are in circular orbits around a planet that has radius 9.00 × 10⁶ m. One satellite has mass 68.0 kg, orbital radius 7.00 × 10⁷ m, and orbital speed 4800 m/s. The second satellite has mass 84.0 kg and orbital radius 3.00 × 10⁷ m. What is the orbital speed of this second satellite?

A satellite is in an elliptic orbit around the Earth (Fig. 8–51). Its speed at the perigee A is 8650 m/s. Use conservation of energy to determine its speed at B.

A satellite is in an elliptic orbit around the Earth (Fig. 8–51). Its speed at the perigee A is 8650 m/s. Use conservation of energy to determine the speed at the apogee C.