In the digestive system, what is the primary function of the enzyme lipase?

• A. Splits proteins into peptides and amino acids
• B. Hydrolyzes triglycerides (fats) into fatty acids and monoglycerides
• C. Digests lactose into glucose and galactose
• D. Breaks down starch into maltose

Answer: (B)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Identify the role of enzymes in the digestive system: enzymes catalyze the breakdown of macromolecules into smaller absorbable units.
2. Recall that lipase is a specific enzyme involved in fat digestion, so focus on the substrates related to fats rather than proteins or carbohydrates.
3. Understand that triglycerides, the main form of dietary fats, need to be broken down into smaller molecules for absorption; lipase catalyzes this reaction.
4. Recognize that lipase hydrolyzes triglycerides into fatty acids and monoglycerides, which can then be absorbed by the intestinal lining.
5. Compare this function with other enzymes mentioned: proteases break down proteins, lactase digests lactose, and amylase breaks down starch, confirming lipase's unique role with fats.