In nervous tissue, what is the primary function of a neuron?

• A. To produce hormones and release them into the bloodstream to regulate distant target organs
• B. To contract and generate mechanical force to move bones at joints
• C. To provide structural support and protection by secreting the myelin sheath around all axons in the CNS and PNS
• D. To receive, process, and transmit electrical signals (nerve impulses) for communication within the body

Answer: (D)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Step 1: Understand the role of neurons in nervous tissue. Neurons are specialized cells designed to handle communication within the body by transmitting electrical signals.
2. Step 2: Differentiate neurons from other cell types. For example, muscle cells contract to generate force, and endocrine cells produce hormones, while glial cells provide support and protection.
3. Step 3: Recognize that neurons have three main functions: receiving signals through dendrites, processing these signals in the cell body, and transmitting impulses along the axon to other neurons or effector cells.
4. Step 4: Note that the myelin sheath, which insulates axons, is produced by glial cells (oligodendrocytes in the CNS and Schwann cells in the PNS), not neurons themselves.
5. Step 5: Conclude that the primary function of a neuron is to receive, process, and transmit electrical signals (nerve impulses) to facilitate communication within the body.