The binding of an allosteric inhibitor to an enzyme causes the rate of product formation by the enzyme to decrease. Which of the following best explains why this decrease occurs?

• A. The allosteric inhibitor binds to the active site, preventing the substrate from binding.
• B. The allosteric inhibitor causes free energy change of the reaction to increase.
• C. The allosteric inhibitor lowers the temperature of the active site.
• D. The allosteric inhibitor binds to the substrate and prevents it from binding at the active site.
• E. The allosteric inhibitor causes a structural change in the enzyme that prevents the substrate from binding at the active site.