Add labels to the figure that follows, which illustrates duplicated chromosomes.

Verified step by step guidance

1. Identify the duplicated chromosomes in the first image. These are the structures that look like 'X' shapes.
2. Label the sister chromatids in the first image. These are the two identical halves of each duplicated chromosome, indicated by label 1.
3. Label the centromere in the first image. This is the point where the two sister chromatids are joined together, indicated by label 2.
4. Label the chromatids in the first image. These are the individual arms of the duplicated chromosomes, indicated by label 3.
5. In the second image, identify the duplicated chromosomes and label the sister chromatids, centromere, and chromatids similarly to the first image.

Key Concepts

Chromosomes

Chromosomes are long, thread-like structures made of DNA and proteins that carry genetic information. In humans, there are 23 pairs of chromosomes, with one set inherited from each parent. They play a crucial role in cell division, ensuring that DNA is accurately replicated and distributed to daughter cells.

Sister Chromatids

Sister chromatids are identical copies of a single chromosome that are connected at a region called the centromere. They are formed during DNA replication in the S phase of the cell cycle and are separated during cell division (mitosis or meiosis) to ensure that each new cell receives an identical set of chromosomes.

Centromere

The centromere is the constricted region of a chromosome where sister chromatids are joined together. It plays a vital role during cell division by serving as the attachment point for spindle fibers, which pull the chromatids apart to opposite poles of the cell, ensuring proper segregation of genetic material.