Using the genetic code (Table 10.1), list the order of amino acids encoded by the following mRNA nucleotides: CAACGCAUUUUG.

Verified step by step guidance

1. Identify the mRNA sequence: CAACGCAUUUUG.
2. Divide the mRNA sequence into codons (groups of three nucleotides): CAA, CGC, AUU, UUG.
3. Use the genetic code table to find the amino acid for each codon: CAA, CGC, AUU, UUG.
4. Match each codon to its corresponding amino acid using the table: CAA -> Glutamine (gln), CGC -> Arginine (arg), AUU -> Isoleucine (ile), UUG -> Leucine (leu).
5. List the order of amino acids encoded by the mRNA sequence: Glutamine, Arginine, Isoleucine, Leucine.

Key Concepts

Genetic Code

The genetic code is a set of rules that defines how the sequence of nucleotides in mRNA is translated into the sequence of amino acids in proteins. It consists of codons, which are triplets of nucleotides, each corresponding to a specific amino acid or a stop signal during protein synthesis.

mRNA Translation

mRNA translation is the process by which ribosomes read the sequence of codons in mRNA to synthesize proteins. Each codon in the mRNA is matched with a specific tRNA molecule that carries the corresponding amino acid, facilitating the assembly of the protein chain.

Amino Acids

Amino acids are the building blocks of proteins, and there are 20 standard amino acids encoded by the genetic code. Each amino acid has a unique side chain that determines its properties and role in protein structure and function. The sequence of amino acids in a protein is critical for its biological activity.