Which type of lipid serves as the primary energy reserve stored in the human body?

• A. Phospholipids
• B. Steroids
• C. Triacylglycerols (triglycerides)
• D. Glycolipids

Answer: (C)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Understand the role of lipids in the human body: Lipids are a diverse group of molecules that include fats, oils, phospholipids, steroids, and glycolipids. They serve various functions such as energy storage, structural components of cell membranes, and signaling molecules.
2. Identify the primary energy storage lipid: Triacylglycerols (triglycerides) are the main form of energy storage in the human body. They consist of three fatty acid chains esterified to a glycerol backbone. These molecules are highly efficient for energy storage due to their hydrophobic nature and high energy density.
3. Compare the other lipid types: Phospholipids are primarily structural components of cell membranes, steroids function as signaling molecules (e.g., hormones), and glycolipids are involved in cell recognition and signaling. None of these serve as the primary energy reserve.
4. Explain why triacylglycerols are ideal for energy storage: Triacylglycerols are stored in adipose tissue and can be broken down during periods of energy demand. Their hydrophobic nature allows them to be stored without water, making them more space-efficient compared to glycogen, which is stored with water.
5. Conclude with the correct answer: Triacylglycerols (triglycerides) are the lipid type that serves as the primary energy reserve stored in the human body.