Which of the following statements accurately describes vitamins?

• A. Vitamins are organic molecules required in small amounts for essential metabolic reactions in the body.
• B. Vitamins are inorganic ions that serve as structural components of bones and teeth.
• C. Vitamins are synthesized in large quantities by the human body.
• D. Vitamins are the primary source of energy for cellular respiration.

Answer: (A)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Understand the definition of vitamins: Vitamins are organic molecules required in small amounts for essential metabolic reactions in the body. They are not inorganic ions, nor are they synthesized in large quantities by the human body.
2. Clarify the distinction between organic and inorganic molecules: Organic molecules contain carbon and are typically derived from living organisms, whereas inorganic ions (e.g., calcium, phosphate) are minerals that serve structural roles, such as in bones and teeth.
3. Explain why vitamins are not synthesized in large quantities by the human body: Most vitamins must be obtained through diet because the body either cannot synthesize them or produces them in insufficient amounts.
4. Discuss why vitamins are not the primary source of energy for cellular respiration: Cellular respiration primarily relies on macronutrients like carbohydrates, fats, and proteins for energy, not vitamins. Vitamins act as cofactors or coenzymes in metabolic pathways.
5. Conclude by identifying the correct statement: Vitamins are organic molecules required in small amounts for essential metabolic reactions in the body. This aligns with their role in supporting enzymatic functions and maintaining health.