In oxidative phosphorylation, which structure is directly responsible for producing ATP?

• A. Complex V (ATP synthase) in the inner mitochondrial membrane
• B. Complex I (NADH dehydrogenase) in the inner mitochondrial membrane
• C. Cytochrome c in the intermembrane space
• D. The outer mitochondrial membrane porins

Answer: (A)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Understand the process of oxidative phosphorylation, which occurs in the mitochondria and involves the electron transport chain and ATP synthesis.
2. Identify the role of each component listed: Complex I (NADH dehydrogenase) transfers electrons and pumps protons, Cytochrome c is a mobile electron carrier in the intermembrane space, and outer mitochondrial membrane porins allow molecule passage but do not synthesize ATP.
3. Recall that ATP production is driven by the proton gradient created by the electron transport chain across the inner mitochondrial membrane.
4. Recognize that Complex V, also known as ATP synthase, uses the proton gradient to catalyze the formation of ATP from ADP and inorganic phosphate.
5. Conclude that the structure directly responsible for producing ATP in oxidative phosphorylation is Complex V (ATP synthase) located in the inner mitochondrial membrane.