3. Chemical Reactions

Molecular Formula

3. Chemical Reactions

Molecular Formula

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Calculating Molecular Formulas Step by Step | How to Pass Chemistry

04:26

Calculating Molecular Formulas Step by Step | How to Pass Chemistry

Empirical Formula & Molecular Formula Determination From Percent Composition

The Organic Chemistry Tutor

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Introduction to Combustion Analysis, Empirical Formula & Molecular Formula Problems

16:49

Introduction to Combustion Analysis, Empirical Formula & Molecular Formula Problems

The Organic Chemistry Tutor

The Science Classroom

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Calculating Molecular Formula from Empirical Formula

09:09

Calculating Molecular Formula from Empirical Formula

Empirical Formula and Molecular Formula Introduction

Tyler DeWitt

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Practice this topic

Multiple Choice

Elemental analysis of a pure compound indicated that the compound had 72.2% C, 8.50% H and the remainder as O. If 0.250 moles of the compound weighs 41.55 g, what is the molecular formula of the compound?

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Multiple Choice

Which of the following is NOT a molecular compound?

Which of the following is a molecular element?

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Multiple Choice

Which of the following names and formulas are NOT paired correctly?

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Multiple Choice

Use the given empirical formula and molar mass to determine the molecular formula.

Empirical Formula: NH₂ Molar Mass: 32.052 g/mol

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Multiple Choice

Glyceraldehyde (M = 90.078 g/mol), a simple monosaccharide, is comprised of 39.999% C, 6.714% H, and 53.297% oxygen by atomic weight. What would be its molecular formula?

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Textbook Question

Glycine, an amino acid used by organisms to make proteins, is represented by the following molecular model. (a) Write its molecular formula.

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Textbook Question

The following diagram represents an ionic compound in which the red spheres represent cations and the blue spheres represent anions. Which of the following formulas is consistent with the drawing? KBr, K2SO4, Ca1NO322, Fe21SO423.

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Textbook Question

Which molecular scale image best represents the ionic com-pound that forms between cesium and chlorine? (Cesium is represented by red circles, and chlorine is represented by blue circles.) (LO 6.12) (a)

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Textbook Question

Lactic acid forms in muscle tissue after strenuous exercise. Elemental analysis shows that lactic acid is 40.0% carbon, 6.71% hydrogen, and 53.3% oxygen by mass. If the molec-ular weight of lactic acid is 90.08, what is the molecular for-mula? (LO 3.11) (a) CH2O (b) C3H6O3 (c) C4H8O4 (d) C4H10O2

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Textbook Question

Write a chemical formula for each molecular model. (See Appendix IIA for color codes.) (c)

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Textbook Question

Write a chemical formula for each molecular model. (See Appendix IIA for color codes.) (a)

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Textbook Question

Each of the pictures (a)–(d) represents one of the following substances at 25 °C: sodium, chlorine, iodine, sodium chloride. Which picture corresponds to which substance? (a)

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Textbook Question

Fluoxetine, marketed as an antidepressant under the name Prozac, can be represented by the following ball-and-stick molecular model. Write the molecular formula for fluoxetine, and calculate its molecular weight. (Red = O, gray = C, blue = N, yellow green = F, ivory = H.)

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Textbook Question

The following ball-and-stick molecular model is a representation of acetaminophen, the active ingredient in such over-thecounter headache remedies as Tylenol. 1Red = O, gray = C, blue = N, ivory = H.2 (a) What is the formula of acetaminophen?

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Textbook Question

The following ball-and-stick molecular model is a representation of thalidomide, a drug that causes birth defects when taken by expectant mothers but is valuable for its use against leprosy. The lines indicate only the connections between atoms, not whether the bonds are single, double, or triple. 1Red = O, gray = C, blue = N, ivory = H.2 (a) What is the formula of thalidomide?

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Textbook Question

If yellow spheres represent sulfur atoms and red spheres represent oxygen atoms, which of the following drawings shows a collection of sulfur dioxide (SO2) units? (a)

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Textbook Question

Give molecular formulas corresponding to each of the following ball-and-stick molecular representations (red = O, gray = C, blue = N, ivory = H). In writing the formula, list the elements in alphabetical order. (c) Acetic acid (vinegar)

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Textbook Question

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Textbook Question

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Textbook Question

In the following drawings, red spheres represent cations, and blue spheres represent anions. Match the drawings (a)–(d) with the following ionic compounds: (i) Ca3(PO4) (ii) Li2CO32 (iii) FeCl2 (a) (iv) MgSO4 (a)

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Textbook Question

Ball-and-stick representations of benzene, a colorless liquid often used in organic chemistry reactions, and acetylene, a gas used as a fuel for high-temperature welding, are shown below. (a) Determine the molecular formula of each.

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Textbook Question

What is the molecular formula of each of the following compounds? (b) empirical formula OH, molar mass 5 34.0 g/mol

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Textbook Question

What is the molecular formula of each of the following compounds? (b) empirical formula NH2, molar mass 5 32.0 g/mol

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Textbook Question

What is the molecular formula of each of the following compounds? (a) empirical formula CH3O, molar mass 5 62.0 g/mol

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Textbook Question

Determine the empirical and molecular formulas of each of the following substances: (a) Styrene, a compound used to make Styrofoam® cups and insulation, contains 92.3% C and 7.7% H by mass and has a molar mass of 104 g/mol.

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Textbook Question

Determine the empirical and molecular formulas of each of the following substances: (c) Monosodium glutamate (MSG), a flavor enhancer in certain foods, contains 35.51% C, 4.77% H, 37.85% O, 8.29% N, and 13.60% Na, and has a molar mass of 169 g/mol.

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Textbook Question

Determine the empirical and molecular formulas of each of the following substances: (b) Caffeine, a stimulant found in coffee, contains 49.5% C, 5.15% H, 28.9% N, and 16.5% O by mass and has a molar mass of 195 g/mol.

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Textbook Question

Write the molecular and structural formulas for the compounds represented by the following molecular models:

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Textbook Question

Determine the empirical and molecular formulas of each of the following substances: (c) Epinephrine (adrenaline), a hormone secreted into the bloodstream in times of danger or stress, contains 59.0% C, 7.1% H, 26.2% O, and 7.7% N by mass; its molar mass is about 180 u.

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Textbook Question

Determine the empirical and molecular formulas of each of the following substances: (b) Cadaverine, a foul-smelling substance produced by the action of bacteria on meat, contains 58.55% C, 13.81% H, and 27.40% N by mass; its molar mass is 102.2 g/mol.

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Textbook Question

Determine the empirical and molecular formulas of each of the following substances: (a) Ibuprofen, a headache remedy, contains 75.69% C, 8.80% H, and 15.51% O by mass and has a molar mass of 206 g/mol.

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Textbook Question

Write the molecular and structural formulas for the compounds represented by the following models:

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Textbook Question

Write a ratio showing the relationship between the molar amounts of each element for each compound. (See Appendix IIA for color codes.) (b)

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Textbook Question

An unknown liquid is composed of 5.57% H, 28.01% Cl, and 66.42% C. The molecular weight found by mass spectrometry is 126.58. What is the molecular formula of the compound?

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Textbook Question

An unknown liquid is composed of 34.31% C, 5.28% H, and 60.41% I. The molecular weight found by mass spectrometry is 210.06. What is the molecular formula of the compound?

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Textbook Question

Cinnamaldehyde is a compound that is responsible for the characteristic aroma of cinnamon. It contains 81.79% C, 6.10% H, and the remaining is oxygen. Its molar mass is 132 g/mol. Determine its molecular formula.

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Textbook Question

From the given empirical formula and molar mass, find the molecular formula of each compound. a. C6H7N, 186.24 g/mol

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Textbook Question

From the given molar mass and empirical formula of several compounds, find the molecular formula of each compound. a. C4H9, 114.22 g/mol

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Textbook Question

From the given molar mass and empirical formula of several compounds, find the molecular formula of each compound. c. C3H2N, 312.29 g/mol

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Textbook Question

From the given molar mass and empirical formula of several compounds, find the molecular formula of each compound. b. CCl, 284.77 g/mol

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Textbook Question

Disilane, Si2Hx, is analyzed and found to contain 90.28% silicon by mass. What is the value of x?

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Textbook Question

A certain metal sulfide, MS2, is used extensively as a high-temperature lubricant. If MS2 is 40.06% sulfur by mass, what is the identity of the metal M?

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Textbook Question

The stimulant amphetamine contains only carbon, hydrogen, and nitrogen. Combustion analysis of a 42.92 mg sample of amphetamine gives 37.187 mg of H2O and 125.75 mg of CO2. If the molar mass of amphetamine is less than 160 g/mol, what is its molecular formula?

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Textbook Question

The molecular weight of an organic compound was found by mass spectrometry to be 70.042 11. Is the sample C5H10, C4H6O, or C3H6N2? Exact masses of elements are: 1.007 825 (1H); 12.000 00 (12C); 14.003 074 (14N); 15.994 915 (16O).

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Textbook Question

From the molecular structures shown here, identify the one that corresponds to each of the following species: (a) chlorine gas; (b) propane; (c) nitrate ion; (d) sulfur trioxide; (e) methyl chloride, CH3Cl.

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Textbook Question

b) Given the mass spectrum of benzene, identify the molec-ular weight and give the molecular formula.

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Textbook Question

(b) An elemental analysis of the acid indicates that it is composed of 5.89% H, 70.6% C, and 23.5% O by mass. What is its molecular formula?

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Textbook Question

A pulverized rock sample believed to be pure calcium carbonate, CaCO3, is subjected to chemical analysis and found to contain 51.3% Ca, 7.7% C, and 41.0% O by mass. Why can't this rock sample be pure CaCO3?

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Textbook Question

Ethylene glycol, commonly used as automobile antifreeze, contains only carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen. Combustion analysis of a 23.46 mg sample yields 20.42 mg of H2O and 33.27 mg of CO2. What is the empirical formula of ethylene glycol? What is its molecular formula if it has a molecular weight of 62.0?

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Textbook Question

Fructose is a common sugar found in fruit. Elemental analysis of fructose gives the following mass percent composition: C 40.00%, H 6.72%, O 53.28%. The molar mass of fructose is 180.16 g>mol. Find the molecular formula of fructose.

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Textbook Question

Combustion analysis of a 13.42-g sample of equilin (which contains only carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen) produces 39.61 g CO2 and 9.01 g H2O. The molar mass of equilin is 268.34 g>mol. Find its molecular formula.

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Textbook Question

A compound of molar mass 177 g>mol contains only carbon, hydrogen, bromine, and oxygen. Analysis reveals that the compound contains eight times as much carbon as hydrogen by mass. Find the molecular formula.

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Textbook Question

The structural formula of isopropyl alcohol, better known as 'rubbing alcohol,' is shown. What is the chemical for-mula of isopropyl alcohol?

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Textbook Question

Lactic acid, a compound found both in sour milk and in tired muscles, has the structure shown. What is its chemical formula?

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Open Question

Dichloroethane, a compound that is often used for dry cleaning, contains carbon, hydrogen, and chlorine. it has a molar mass of 99 g/mol. analysis of a sample shows that it contains 24.3% carbon and 4.1% hydrogen. what is its molecular formula?

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Open Question

Find the molecular formula of each compound

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Open Question

Of the following molecular formulas for hydrocarbons which is an empirical formula

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Open Question

Elemental analysis of the unknown gas from part a revealed that it is 30.45% N and 69.55% O by mass. What is the molecular formula for this gas?

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Open Question

If nicotine has a molar mass of 160±5g/mol, what is its molecular formula?

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Open Question

A compound is 43.7% phosphorus and 56.3% oxygen. The formula mass of the compound is 284 g. calculate the empirical formula and molecular formula of the compound.

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Open Question

A compound has a molar mass of 180.18 g/mol. Given the following percent composition, calculate the molecular formula: 39.99% C, 6.73% H, 53.28% O.

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Open Question

A compound responsible for the odor of garlic has a molecular weight of 146 g/mol. A 0.650 g sample of the compound contains 0.321 g of carbon, 0.044 g

of hydrogen, and 0.285 g of sulfur. What is the molecular formula of the compound?

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Open Question

A compound containing only sulfur and nitrogen is 69.6% s by mass; the molar mass is 184 g/mol. What are the empirical and molecular formulas of the compound?

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Open Question

Determine the empirical and molecular formula for chrysotile asbestos. Chrysotile has the following percent composition: 28.03% Mg, 21.60% Si, 1.16% H, and 49.21% O. The molar mass for chrysotile is 520.8 g/mol.

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Open Question

A compound is 43.7 phosphorus and 56.3 oxygen

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Open Question

Which represents the empirical formula for a3b9?

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