3. Chemical Reactions

Combustion Analysis

3. Chemical Reactions

Combustion Analysis

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Combustion Analysis pt. 1

Combustion Analysis to determine Empirical Formulae.

CHEMISTRY 101: Finding Empirical Formula Using Combustion Analysis for a Compound with C, H, O

Chem101 Combustion Analysis

Combustion Analysis - Finding the Empirical Formula of a Compound

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Open Question

The combustion of 4.16 grams of a compound which contains only C,H,O and F yields 7.7 g CO₂ and 2.52 g H₂O. Another sample of the compound with a mass of 3.63 g is found to contain 0.58 g F. What is the empirical formula of the compound?

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Multiple Choice

When the following equation is balanced

C₅H₁₀(l) + O₂(g) → CO₂(g) + H₂O(g)

What is the coefficient for carbon dioxide?

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Multiple Choice

A compound composed of carbon, hydrogen and nitrogen undergoes a combustion reaction to produce 264.21 g CO₂, 63.06 g H₂O and 46.4 g NO₂. Determine its empirical formula.

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Multiple Choice

An unknown compound is composed of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen. A 4.30 g sample is ignited and creates 8.59 g CO₂ and 3.52 g H₂O. If the molar mass is 176.22 g/mol, what is the molecular formula?

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Multiple Choice

In the presence of a small amount of oxygen a combustion reaction will not only produce carbon dioxide, but also carbon monoxide. The incomplete combustion of naphthalene, a hydrocarbon used in many dyes, produced 2.80 g CO, 4.40 g CO₂ and 1.44 g H₂O. Determine its empirical formula.

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Textbook Question

Combustion analysis is performed on 0.50 g of a hydrocar-bon and 1.55 g of CO2, and 0.697 g of H2O are produced. The mass spectrum for the hydrocarbon is provided below. What is the molecular formula? (LO 3.12 and 3.13)

(a) C5H11 (b) C8H18 (c) C11H10 (d) C10H22

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Textbook Question

(b) What products form in this reaction?

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Textbook Question

(a) When a compound containing C, H, and O is completely combusted in air, what reactant besides the hydrocarbon is involved in the reaction?

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Textbook Question

A hydrocarbon of unknown formula CxHy was submitted to combustion analysis with the following results. What is the empirical formula of the hydrocarbon?

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Textbook Question

(b) Menthol, the substance we can smell in mentholated cough drops, is composed of C, H, and O. A 0.1005-g sample of menthol is combusted, producing 0.2829 g of CO2 and 0.1159 g of H2O. What is the empirical formula for menthol? If menthol has a molar mass of 156 g/mol, what is its molecular formula?

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Textbook Question

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Textbook Question

(a) Combustion analysis of toluene, a common organic solvent, gives 5.86 mg of CO2 and 1.37 mg of H2O. If the compound contains only carbon and hydrogen, what is its empirical formula?

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Textbook Question

(b) Nicotine, a component of tobacco, is composed of C, H, and N. A 5.250-mg sample of nicotine was combusted, producing 14.242 mg of CO2 and 4.083 mg of H2O. What is the empirical formula for nicotine? If nicotine has a molar mass of 160 { 5 g/mol, what is its molecular formula?

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Textbook Question

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Textbook Question

(a) The characteristic odor of pineapple is due to ethyl butyrate, a compound containing carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen. Combustion of 2.78 mg of ethyl butyrate produces 6.32 mg of CO2 and 2.58 mg of H2O. What is the empirical formula of the compound?

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Textbook Question

Valproic acid, used to treat seizures and bipolar disorder, is composed of C, H, and O. A 0.165-g sample is combusted to produce 0.166 g of water and 0.403 g of carbon dioxide. What is the empirical formula for valproic acid?

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Textbook Question

Combustion analysis of 45.62 mg of toluene, a commonly used solvent, gives 35.67 mg of H2O and 152.5 mg of CO2. What is the empirical formula of toluene?

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Textbook Question

Coniine, a toxic substance isolated from poison hemlock, contains only carbon, hydrogen, and nitrogen. Combus-tion analysis of a 5.024 mg sample yields 13.90 mg of CO2 and 6.048 mg of H2O. What is the empirical formula of coniine?

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Textbook Question

Vanillin, the dominant flavoring in vanilla, contains C, H, and O. When 1.05 g of this substance is completely combusted, 2.43 g of CO2 and 0.50 g of H2O are produced. What is the empirical formula of vanillin?

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Textbook Question

An organic compound was found to contain only C, H, and Cl. When a 1.50-g sample of the compound was completely combusted in air, 3.52 g of CO2 was formed. In a separate experiment, the chlorine in a 1.00-g sample of the compound was converted to 1.27 g of AgCl. Determine the empirical formula of the compound.

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Textbook Question

Combustion analysis of naphthalene, a hydrocarbon used in mothballs, produces 8.80 g CO2 and 1.44 g H2O. Calculate the empirical formula of naphthalene.

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Textbook Question

The foul odor of rancid butter is due largely to butyric acid, a compound containing carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen. Combustion analysis of a 4.30-g sample of butyric acid produces 8.59 g CO2 and 3.52 g H2O. Determine the empirical formula of butyric acid.

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Textbook Question

Tartaric acid is the white, powdery substance that coats tart candies such as Sour Patch Kids. Combustion analysis of a 12.01-g sample of tartaric acid—which contains only carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen—produces 14.08 g CO2 and 4.32 g H2O. Determine the empirical formula of tartaric acid.

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Textbook Question

(a) Combustion analysis of 50.0 mg of benzene, a commonly used solvent composed of carbon and hydrogen, gives 34.6 mg of H2O and 169.2 mg of CO2. What is the empirical formula of benzene?

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Textbook Question

(a) Combustion analysis of 150.0 mg of 1,2,3,benzenetriol, a compound composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxy-gen, gives 64.3 mg of H2O and 314.2 mg of CO2. What is the empirical formula of 1,2,3,benzenetriol?

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Textbook Question

Burning acetylene in oxygen can produce three different carbon-containing products: soot (very fine particles of graphite), CO(g), and CO21g2. (c) Why, when the oxygen supply is adequate, is CO21g2 the predominant carbon-containing product of the combustion of acetylene?

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Textbook Question

Compound X contains only carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, and chlorine. When 1.00 g of X is dissolved in water and allowed to react with excess silver nitrate, AgNO3, all the chlorine in X reacts and 1.95 g of solid AgCl is formed. When 1.00 g of X undergoes complete combustion, 0.900 g of CO2 and 0.735 g of H2O are formed. What is the empirical formula of X?

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Textbook Question

The organic molecules shown here are derivatives of benzene in which six-membered rings are 'fused' at the edges of the hexagons.

(b) Suppose you are given a sample of one of the compounds. Could combustion analysis be used to determine unambiguously which of the three it is?

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Textbook Question

(b) If the molecular weight is 326.26, what is the molecular formula?

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Textbook Question

(a) Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) were compounds used as coolants in transformers and capacitors, but their production was banned by the U.S. Congress in 1979 because they are highly toxic and persist in the environment. When 1.0 g of a PCB containing carbon, hydrogen, and chlorine was subjected to combustion analysis, 1.617 g of CO2. and 0.138 g of H2O were produced. What is the empirical formula?

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Textbook Question

(c) Can combustion analysis be used to determine the empirical formula of a compound containing carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and chlorine?

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Textbook Question

Estrone, which contains only carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen, is a female sexual hormone in the urine of pregnant women. Combustion analysis of a 1.893-g sample of estrone produces 5.545 g of CO2 and 1.388 g H2O. The molar mass of estrone is 270.36 g/mol. Find its molecular formula.

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Textbook Question

Researchers obtained the following data from experiments to find the molecular formula of benzocaine, a local anesthetic, which contains only carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, and oxygen. Complete combustion of a 3.54-g sample of benzocaine with excess O2 forms 8.49 g of CO2 and 2.14 g H2O. Another 2.35-g sample contains 0.199 g of N. The molar mass of benzocaine is 165 g>mol. Find the molar formula of benzocaine.

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Textbook Question

Combustion analysis of 0.1500 g of methyl tert-butyl ether, an octane booster used in gasoline, gave 0.3744 g of CO2 and 0.1838 g of H2O. When a flask having a volume of 1.00 L was evacuated and then filled with methyl tertbutyl ether vapor at a pressure of 100.0 kPa and a temperature of 54.8 °C, the mass of the flask increased by 3.233 g. (a) What is the empirical formula of methyl tert-butyl ether?

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Open Question

What else is produced during the combustion of propane, C₃H₈? H₂O, C₃H₈, O₂, C₃H₈O₂.

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Open Question

Which clue can be used to identify a chemical reaction as a combustion reaction? Oxygen is a product. A hydrocarbon reacts with oxygen. Water and carbon dioxide react. The reaction involves ions.

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Open Question

Express your answer as a chemical formula using the order: cxhyoz

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Open Question

Combustion analysis of 63.8 mg of a C, H and O containing compound produced 145.0 mg of co2 and 59.38 mg of H₂O. what is the empirical formula for the

compound?

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Open Question

Combustion analysis of 63.8 mg of a c h and o

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Open Question

Which clue can be used to identify a chemical reaction as a combustion reaction?

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Open Question

Which clue can be used to identify a chemical reaction as a combustion reaction? Oxygen is a product. A hydrocarbon reacts with oxygen. Water and carbon dioxide react. The reaction involves ions.

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Open Question

Rapid oxidation of a substance, accompanied by the production of heat and light.

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Open Question

If combustion is to be initiated and sustained, all of the following elements must be present except

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Open Question

In the combustion of hydrocarbon, carbon monoxide is formed. What has occurred?