2. Atoms & Elements

Which of the following elements has properties most similar to Mg?

Refer to a periodic table. Which pair of elements do you expect to be most similar in their chemical properties? (LO 2.3) (a) K and Cu (b) O and Se (c) Be and B (d) Rb and Sr

Identify the location of the element in period 4, group 6A and classify it as a metal, nonmetal, or semimetal. (LO 2.2) (a) Element in position a; nonmetal (b) Element in position b; metal (c) Element in position c; semimetal (d) Element in position d; metal

Which description of an element is incorrectly matched with its location in the periodic table? (LO 2.5–2.6)

(a) Element 3—An element in the transition metal group that is a good conductor of electricity. (b) Element 2—An element that is in the halogen group and does not conduct electricity. (c) Element 4—An element in alkali metal group that is found in its pure form in nature. (d) Element 1—An element that is a solid at room tempera-ture, brittle, and a poor conductor of electricity.

Where on the following outline of a periodic table are the indicated elements or groups of elements?

(a) Alkali metals (b) Halogens (c) Alkaline earth metals (d) Transition metals (e) Hydrogen (f) Helium

Name at least one other element that is chemically similar to the green element.

What is the group number of the green, blue, and red elements?

Would you expect these elements to have similar or different chemical reactivity?

Identify the three elements indicated on the periodic table, and give the group that they are in.

For each of the following elements, write its chemical symbol, determine the name of the group to which it belongs (Table 2.3), and indicate whether it is a metal, metalloid, or nonmetal: (e) bromine.

What are the rows called and what are the columns called in the periodic table?

What common characteristics do elements within a group of the periodic table have?

List several general properties of the following groups: (a) Alkali metals (b) Noble gases (c) Halogens

(a) Without looking at a periodic table, list as many alkali metals as you can. (There are five common ones.)

(b) Without looking at a periodic table, list as many alkaline earth metals as you can. (There are five common ones.)

Without looking at a periodic table, list as many halogens as you can. (There are four common ones.)

Without looking at a periodic table, list as many noble gases as you can. (There are six common ones.)

Classify each element as an alkali metal, alkaline earth metal, halogen, or noble gas. a. F b. Sr c. K d. Ne e. At

Which pair of elements do you expect to be most similar? Why? a. nitrogen and oxygen b. titanium and gallium c. lithium and sodium d. germanium and arsenic e. argon and bromine

From the following list of elements—Mg, Li, Tl, Pb, Se, Cl, Xe, Si, C—pick the one that best fits each description. Use each element only once: (a) an alkali metal, (b) an alkaline earth metal, (c) a noble gas, (d) a halogen, (e) a metalloidin group 14, (f) a nonmetal listed in group 14, (g) a metal that forms a 3+ ion, (h) a nonmetal that forms a 2- ion, (i) an element that is used as radiation shielding.

The first atoms of seaborgium (Sg) were identified in 1974. The longest-lived isotope of Sg has a mass number of 266. (b) Atoms of Sg are very unstable, and it is therefore difficult to study this element's properties. Based on the position of Sg in the periodic table, what element should it most closely resemble in its chemical properties?