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1. A Review of General Chemistry(0)

Orgo 1: Pre-Course Review
(0)

What is Organic Chemistry?
(0)

Atomic Structure
(0)

Wave Function
(0)

Molecular Orbitals
(0)

Sigma and Pi Bonds
(0)

Octet Rule
(0)

Bonding Preferences
(0)

Formal Charges
(0)

Skeletal Structure
(0)

Lewis Structure
(0)

Condensed Structural Formula
(0)

Index of Hydrogen Deficiency (Structural)
(0)

Constitutional Isomers
(0)

Resonance Structures
(0)

Hybridization
(0)

Molecular Geometry
(0)

Electronegativity
(0)

2. Molecular Representations(0)

Intermolecular Forces
(0)

Solubility
(0)

Functional Groups
(0)

3. Acids and Bases(0)

Overview of Chemical Reactions
(0)

Reaction Mechanism
(0)

Acid and Base Definitions
(0)

Equilibrium Constant and pKa
(0)

pKa Values
(0)

Acid Base Equilibrium
(0)

Factors Affecting Acidity
(0)

4. Alkanes and Cycloalkanes(0)

Alkane Nomenclature
(0)

Alkyl Groups
(0)

Naming Cycloalkanes
(0)

Naming Bicyclic Compounds
(0)

Naming Alkyl Halides
(0)

Naming Alkenes
(0)

Naming Alcohols
(0)

Naming Amines
(0)

Cis vs Trans
(0)

Conformational Isomers
(0)

Newman Projections
(0)

Drawing Newman Projections
(0)

Barrier To Rotation
(0)

Ring Strain
(0)

Axial vs Equatorial
(0)

Cis vs Trans Conformations
(0)

Equatorial Preference
(0)

Chair Flip
(0)

Calculating Energy Difference Between Chair Conformations
(0)

A-Values
(0)

Decalin
(0)

5. Chirality(0)

Types of Isomers
(0)

Chirality
(0)

Chirality Test 1 - Internal Line of Symmetry
(0)

Chirality Test 2 - Stereocenters
(0)

Cahn-Ingold-Prelog Nomenclature
(0)

Types of Stereoisomers
(0)

Atropisomers
(0)

Meso Compounds
(0)

Chirality Test 3 - Disubstituted Cycloalkanes Shortcuts
(0)

Isometric Relationships
(0)

Fischer Projection
(0)

Fischer Configurations
(0)

Optical Activity
(0)

Enantiomeric Excess
(0)

Calculations with Enantiomeric Percentages
(0)

Non-Carbon Chiral Centers
(0)

6. Thermodynamics and Kinetics(0)

Energy Diagram
(0)

Gibbs Free Energy
(0)

Enthalpy
(0)

Entropy
(0)

Hammond Postulate
(0)

Carbocation Intermediates – Stability
(0)

Carbocation Intermediate – Rearrangements
(0)

7. Substitution Reactions(0)

Introduction to Substitution
(0)

Leaving Groups
(0)

The SN2 Mechanism
(0)

SN1 Mechanism
(0)

Substitution Comparison
(0)

8. Elimination Reactions(0)

E2 Mechanism
(0)

Recognizing Different β-Hydrogens
(0)

The Anti-Coplanar Requirement
(0)

E2 - Cumulative Practice
(0)

The E1 Mechanism
(0)

Solvents
(0)

Leaving Groups
(0)

Nucleophiles and Basicity
(0)

SN1 SN2 E1 E2 Chart (Big Daddy Flowchart)
(0)

Cumulative Substitution/Elimination
(0)

9. Alkenes and Alkynes(0)

Stability of Alkenes
(0)

Elimination and Zaitsev's Rule
(0)

Dehydrohalogenation
(0)

Double Dehydrohalogenation (Alkyne Synthesis)
(0)

Alkynide Synthesis
(0)

Hydrogenation of Alkynes
(0)

Acid-Catalyzed Dehydration
(0)

Dehydration with Phosphoryl Chloride
(0)

Alkynide Synthesis and Retrosynthesis
(0)

10. Addition Reactions(0)

General Mechanism – Addition Reaction
(0)

Markovnikov's Rule
(0)

Hydrohalogenation
(0)

Acid-Catalyzed Hydration
(0)

Oxymercuration-Reduction
(0)

Hydroboration-Oxidation
(0)

Catalytic Hydrogenation and Wilkinson's Catalyst
(0)

Halogenation
(0)

Halohydrin Formation
(0)

Cyclopropanation
(0)

Epoxidation
(0)

Epoxide Ring Opening
(0)

Syn Vicinal Dihydroxylation
(0)

Weak Oxidative Cleavage
(0)

Ozonolysis Full Mechanism
(0)

Oxidative Cleavage
(0)

Alkyne Oxidative Cleavage
(0)

Alkyne Hydrohalogenation
(0)

Alkyne Halogenation
(0)

Alkyne Hydration
(0)

Alkyne Hydroboration
(0)

11. Radical Reactions(0)

Radical Initiators
(0)

Radical Stability
(0)

Radical Chain Reaction
(0)

Radical Selectivity
(0)

Calculating Radical Yields
(0)

Radical Hydrohalogenation
(0)

Radical Polymerization
(0)

Allylic Halogenation
(0)

Radical Synthesis
(0)

12. Alcohols, Ethers, Epoxides and Thiols(0)

Alcohol Nomenclature
(0)

Ether Nomenclature
(0)

Epoxide Nomenclature
(0)

Thiol and Sulfide Nomenclature
(0)

Synthesis of Alcohols Overview
(0)

Leaving Group Conversions - Using HX
(0)

Leaving Group Conversions - SOCl2 and PBr3
(0)

Leaving Group Conversions - Sulfonyl Chlorides
(0)

Leaving Group Conversions Summary
(0)

Williamson Ether Synthesis
(0)

Making Ethers - Alcohol Condensation
(0)

Making Ethers - Alkoxymercuration
(0)

Making Ethers - Acid-Catalyzed Alkoxylation
(0)

Making Ethers - Cumulative Practice
(0)

Cleavage of Ethers
(0)

Alcohol Protecting Groups
(0)

t-Butyl Ether Protecting Groups
(0)

Silyl Ether Protecting Groups
(0)

Sharpless Asymmetric Epoxidation
(0)

Reactions of Thiols
(0)

Oxidation of Sulfides
(0)

13. Alcohols and Carbonyl Compounds(0)

Intro to Redox
(0)

Oxidization
(0)

Reduction
(0)

Nucleophilic Addition
(0)

Preparation of Organometallics
(0)

Reactions of Organometallics
(0)

Use of Protecting Groups
(0)

Organometallic Cumulative Practice
(0)

14. Synthetic Techniques(0)

Synthetic Cheatsheet
(0)

Moving Functionality
(0)

Alkynide Alkylation
(0)

Alkane Halogenation
(0)

Retrosynthesis
(0)

15. Analytical Techniques: IR, NMR, Mass Spect(0)

Purpose of Analytical Techniques
(0)

Infrared Spectroscopy
(0)

IR Spectroscopy - Frequencies
(0)

IR Spect: Drawing Spectra
(0)

IR Spect: Extra Practice
(0)

1H Nuclear Magnetic Resonance - General Features
(0)

1H NMR - Total Number of Signals
(0)

1H NMR - Proton Relationships
(0)

1H NMR: E/Z Diastereoisomerism
(0)

1H NMR - Chemical Shifts
(0)

1H NMR - Spin-Splitting without J-Values
(0)

1H NMR: Spin-Splitting Simple Tree Diagrams
(0)

1H NMR: Spin-Splitting Complex Tree Diagrams
(0)

1H NMR Spin-Splitting - Common Patterns
(0)

1H NMR - Integration
(0)

NMR Practice
(0)

13C NMR - General Features
(0)

Structure Determination - Molecular Sentences
(0)

Mass Spect - Introduction
(0)

Mass Spect - Fragmentation
(0)

Mass Spect - Common Isotopes
(0)

16. Conjugated Systems(0)

Introduction to Conjugation
(0)

Stability of Conjugated Intermediates
(0)

Allylic Halogenation
(0)

Reactions at the Allylic Position
(0)

Conjugated Hydrohalogenation
(0)

Diels-Alder Reaction - General Features
(0)

Diels-Alder - Bridged Products
(0)

Diels-Alder Retrosynthesis
(0)

Basics of Molecular Orbital Theory
(0)

Drawing Atomic Orbitals
(0)

Drawing Molecular Orbitals
(0)

Frontier Molecular Orbital Theory - Finding HOMO/LUMO
(0)

Orbital Diagram:3-atoms- Allylic Ions
(0)

Orbital Diagram:4-atoms- 1,3-butadiene
(0)

Orbital Diagram:5-atoms- Allylic Ions
(0)

Orbital Diagram:6-atoms- 1,3,5-hexatriene
(0)

Orbital Diagram:Excited States
(0)

Intro to Pericyclic Reactions
(0)

Thermal Cycloaddition Reactions
(0)

Photochemical Cycloaddition Reactions
(0)

Thermal Electrocyclic Reactions
(0)

Photochemical Electrocyclic Reactions
(0)

Cumulative Electrocyclic Reactions
(0)

Introduction to Sigmatropic Shifts
(0)

Cope Rearrangement
(0)

Claisen Rearrangement
(0)

17. Ultraviolet Spectroscopy(0)

The UV-Vis Spectroscopy
(0)

The Beer-Lambert Law
(0)

UV-Vis Spectroscopy of Conjugated Alkenes
(0)

Woodward-Fieser Rules
(0)

18. Aromaticity(0)

Aromaticity - Introduction
(0)

Four Tests of Aromaticity
(0)

Counting Pi Electrons
(0)

Aromaticity of Hydrocarbons
(0)

Aromaticity of Annulene
(0)

Aromaticity of Heterocycles
(0)

Inscribed Polygon Method
(0)

Benzene Nomenclature
(0)

Acidity of Aromatic Hydrocarbons
(0)

Basicity of Aromatic Heterocycles
(0)

Ionization of Aromatics
(0)

19. Reactions of Aromatics: EAS and Beyond(0)

Electrophilic Aromatic Substitution – General Mechanism
(0)

Electrophilic Aromatic Substitution – Reactions
(0)

Generating Electrophiles – EAS Halogenation
(0)

Generating Electrophiles – EAS Nitration
(0)

Generating Electrophiles – Friedel-Crafts Alkylation
(0)

Generating Electrophiles – Friedel-Crafts Acylation
(0)

Generating Electrophiles – Any Carbocation
(0)

EAS – Monosubstituted Benzene
(0)

EAS-o, p-Major Products
(0)

EAS – Protection of Aniline Derivatives
(0)

Limitations of Friedel-Crafts Alkyation
(0)

Advantages of Friedel-Crafts Acylation
(0)

Blocking Groups - Sulfonic Acid
(0)

EAS – Polysubstituted Benzene
(0)

Side-Chain Halogenation
(0)

Side-Chain Oxidation
(0)

Reactions at Benzylic Positions
(0)

Birch Reduction
(0)

EAS – Sequence Groups
(0)

EAS – Proposing Aromatic Synthesis
(0)

Diazonium Compounds – Replacements Reactions
(0)

Diazo Compounds – Sequence Groups
(0)

Diazonium Compounds – Proposing Aromatic Synthesis
(0)

SNAr Addition-Elimination Mechanism
(0)

Benzyne Pathway – General Mechanism
(0)

20. Phenols(0)

Acidity of Phenols
(0)

Oxidation of Phenols to Quinones
(0)

Cleavage of Phenyl Ethers
(0)

Kolbe-Schmidt Reaction
(0)

21. Aldehydes and Ketones: Nucleophilic Addition(0)

Aldehyde Nomenclature
(0)

Ketone Nomenclature
(0)

Intro to Redox
(0)

Oxidation
(0)

Weak Oxidative Cleavage
(0)

Aldehyde Via Reducing Agents
(0)

Alkyne Hydration
(0)

Nucleophilic Addition
(0)

Cyanohydrins
(0)

Organometallics
(0)

Nucleophilic Addition of Solvents
(0)

Hydrates
(0)

Hemiacetals
(0)

Acetal
(0)

Acetals as Protecting Groups
(0)

Thioacetals and Raney Nickel Reduction
(0)

Imines vs Enamines
(0)

Addition of Ammonia Derivatives
(0)

Wolff Kishner Reduction
(0)

Baeyer-Villiger Oxidation
(0)

Ketones from Acid Chlorides
(0)

Ketones from Nitriles
(0)

Wittig Reaction
(0)

Ketone and Aldehyde Synthesis Reactions
(0)

22. Carboxylic Acid Derivatives: NAS(0)

COOH Derivatives and Nucleophilic Acyl Substitution
(0)

Carboxylic Acid Nomenclature
(0)

Diacid Nomenclature
(0)

Ester Nomenclature
(0)

Nitrile Nomenclature
(0)

Acid Chloride Nomenclature
(0)

Anhydride Nomenclature
(0)

Amide Nomenclature
(0)

Nucleophilic Acyl Substitution – The Three Rules
(0)

Specific Carboxylic Acid Conversions
(0)

Fischer Esterification – Mechanism
(0)

Acid-Catalyzed Ester Hydrolysis – Mechanism
(0)

Base-Catalyzed Ester Hydrolysis – Mechanism
(0)

Base-Catalyzed Transesterificaation – Mechanism
(0)

Lactones, Lactams and Cyclization Reactions
(0)

Carbonation of Grignard Reagents
(0)

Decarboxylation
(0)

Review of Nitriles
(0)

23. The Chemistry of Thioesters, Phophate Ester and Phosphate Anhydrides(0)

Intro to Thioesters
(0)

Hydrolysis of Thioesters
(0)

Hydrolysis of Phosphate Esters
(0)

Intro to Phosphate Anhydrides
(0)

Chemical Reactions of Phosphate Anhydrides
(0)

24. Enolate Chemistry: Reactions at the Alpha-Carbon(0)

Alpha Carbons and Tautomerization
(0)

Tautomers of Dicarbonyl Compounds
(0)

Enolates
(0)

Acid-Catalyzed Alpha-Halogenation
(0)

Base-Catalyzed Alpha-Halogenation
(0)

Haloform Reaction
(0)

Hell-Volhard-Zelinski Reaction
(0)

Overview of α-Carbon Alkylations and Acylations
(0)

Enolate Alkylation and Acylation
(0)

Enamine Alkylation and Acylation
(0)

Beta-Dicarbonyl Synthesis Pathway
(0)

Acetoacetic Ester Synthesis
(0)

Malonic Ester Synthesis
(0)

25. Condensation Chemistry(0)

Condensation Reactions
(0)

Aldol Condensation
(0)

Directed Condensations
(0)

Crossed Aldol Condensation
(0)

Claisen-Schmidt Reaction
(0)

Claisen Condensation
(0)

Intramolecular Condensation
(0)

Conjugate Addition of Enones
(0)

The Michael Reaction
(0)

Robinson Annulation
(0)

26. Amines(0)

Amine Alkylation
(0)

Gabriel Synthesis
(0)

Amines by Reduction
(0)

Nitrogenous Nucleophiles
(0)

Reductive Amination
(0)

Curtius Rearrangement
(0)

Hofmann Rearrangement
(0)

Hofmann Elimination
(0)

Cope Elimination
(0)

27. Heterocycles(0)

Nomenclature of Heterocycles
(0)

Acid-Base Properties of Nitrogen Heterocycles
(0)

Reactions of Pyrrole, Furan, and Thiophene
(0)

Directing Effects in Substituted Pyrroles, Furans, and Thiophenes
(0)

Addition Reactions of Furan
(0)

EAS Reactions of Pyridine
(0)

SNAr Reactions of Pyridine
(0)

Side-Chain Reactions of Substituted Pyridines
(0)

28. Carbohydrates(0)

Monosaccharide
(0)

Monosaccharides – D and L Isomerism
(0)

Monosaccharides – Drawing Fischer Projections
(0)

Monosaccharides – Common Structures
(0)

Monosaccharides – Forming Cyclic Hemiacetals
(0)

Monosaccharides – Cyclization
(0)

Monosaccharides – Haworth Projections
(0)

Monosaccharides – Mutarotation
(0)

Monosaccharides – Epimerization
(0)

Monosaccharides – Aldose-Ketose Rearrangement
(0)

Monosaccharides – Alkylation
(0)

Monosaccharides – Acylation
(0)

Monosaccharides – O-Glycosides
(0)

Monosaccharides – N-Glycosides
(0)

Monosaccharides – Reduction (Alditols)
(0)

Monosaccharides – Weak Oxidation (Aldonic Acid)
(0)

Monosaccharides – Reducing Sugars
(0)

Monosaccharides – Strong Oxidation (Aldaric Acid)
(0)

Monosaccharides – Oxidative Cleavage (Periodic Acid)
(0)

Monosaccharides – Osazones
(0)

Monosaccharides – Modern Kiliani-Fischer Synthesis
(0)

Monosaccharides – Wohl Degradation
(0)

Monosaccharides – Ruff Degradation
(0)

Condensation Into Disaccharide
(0)

Polysaccharides
(0)

29. Amino Acids(0)

Introduction to Proteins
(0)

Amino Acid Configuration
(0)

The 20 Amino Acids - Introduction
(0)

Amino Acid Chart
(0)

Acid-Base Properties of Amino Acids
(0)

Isoelectric Point
(0)

Amino Acid Synthesis: HVZ Method
(0)

Synthesis of Amino Acids: Acetamidomalonic Ester Synthesis
(0)

Synthesis of Amino Acids: N-Phthalimidomalonic Ester Synthesis
(0)

Synthesis of Amino Acids: Strecker Synthesis
(0)

Reactions of Amino Acids: Esterification
(0)

Reactions of Amino Acids: Acylation
(0)

Reactions of Amino Acids: Hydrogenolysis
(0)

Reactions of Amino Acids: Ninhydrin Test
(0)

30. Peptides and Proteins(0)

Peptides
(0)

Primary Protein Structure
(0)

Secondary Protein Structure
(0)

Tertiary Protein Structure
(0)

Disulfide Bonds
(0)

Quaternary Protein Structure
(0)

Summary of Protein Structure
(0)

Intro to Peptide Sequencing
(0)

Peptide Sequencing: Partial Hydrolysis
(0)

Peptide Sequencing: Partial Hydrolysis with Cyanogen Bromide
(0)

Peptide Sequencing: Edman Degradation
(0)

Merrifield Solid-Phase Peptide Synthesis
(0)

31. Catalysis in Organic Reactions(0)

Intro to Catalysis
(0)

Acid-Base Catalysis
(0)

Nucleophilic Catalysis
(0)

Metal Ion Catalysis
(0)

Metal Ion Catalysis: Water Activation
(0)

Rates of Intramolecular Reactions
(0)

Intramolecular Acid-Base Catalysis
(0)

Intramolecular Nucleophilic Catalysis
(0)

32. Lipids (0)

Intro to Lipids
(0)

Fatty Acids
(0)

Physical Properties of Fatty Acids
(0)

Waxes
(0)

Triacylglycerols
(0)

Triacylglycerol Reactions: Hydrogenation
(0)

Triacylglycerol Reactions: Hydrolysis
(0)

Phosphoglycerides
(0)

Sphingomyelins
(0)

Steroids
(0)

33. The Organic Chemistry of Metabolic Pathways(0)

Intro to Metabolism
(0)

ATP and Energy
(0)

Intro to Coenzymes
(0)

Coenzymes in Metabolism
(0)

Energy Production in Biochemical Pathways
(0)

Intro to Glycolysis
(0)

Catabolism of Carbohydrates: Glycolysis
(0)

Glycolysis Summary
(0)

Pyruvate Oxidation (Simplified)
(0)

Anaerobic Respiration
(0)

Catabolism of Fats: Glycerol Metabolism
(0)

Intro to Citric Acid Cycle
(0)

Structures of the Citric Acid Cycle
(0)

The Citric Acid Cycle
(0)

34. Nucleic Acids(0)

Intro to Nucleic Acids
(0)

Nitrogenous Bases
(0)

Naming Nucleosides and Nucleotides
(0)

Hydrolysis of Nucleosides
(0)

Primary Structure of Nucleic Acids
(0)

Base Pairing
(0)

DNA Double Helix
(0)

35. Transition Metals(0)

Electron Configuration of Elements
(0)

Coordination Complexes
(0)

Ligands
(0)

Electron Counting
(0)

The 18 and 16 Electron Rule
(0)

Cross-Coupling General Reactions
(0)

Heck Reaction
(0)

Stille Reaction
(0)

Suzuki Reaction
(0)

Sonogashira Coupling Reaction
(0)

Fukuyama Coupling Reaction
(0)

Kumada Coupling Reaction
(0)

Negishi Coupling Reaction
(0)

Buchwald-Hartwig Amination Reaction
(0)

Eglinton Reaction
(0)

Catalytic Allylic Alkylation
(0)

Alkene Metathesis
(0)

36. Synthetic Polymers(0)

Introduction to Polymers
(0)

Chain-Growth Polymers
(0)

Radical Polymerization
(0)

Cationic Polymerization
(0)

Anionic Polymerization
(0)

Polymer Stereochemistry
(0)

Ziegler-Natta Polymerization
(0)

Copolymers
(0)

Step-Growth Polymers
(0)

Step-Growth Polymers: Urethane
(0)

Step-Growth Polymers: Polyurethane Mechanism
(0)

Step-Growth Polymers: Epoxy Resin
(0)

Polymers Structure and Properties
(0)

28. Carbohydrates

Monosaccharides – D and L Isomerism

28. Carbohydrates

Monosaccharides – D and L Isomerism: Videos & Practice Problems

Video Lessons Practice Worksheet

21 problems

Monosaccharides – D and L Isomerism Practice Problems

Practice problems on monosaccharides focusing on D and L isomerism explore the structural differences between epimers like D-mannose and D-talose, and the stereochemical implications of C4 configuration changes. Students will analyze chirality, identify epimers, and interpret dextrorotary and levorotary properties, with instant feedback to deepen conceptual understanding in carbohydrate stereochemistry.

Problem 1Multiple Choice

(i) D-mannose is the C4 epimer of D-talose. Draw the structure of D-mannose.

(ii) Draw the structure of the C4 “epimer” of D-ribose. The change in C4 makes this “epimer” an L-series sugar. What is the name of this L-series sugar?

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Problem 2Multiple Choice

Identify the given monosaccharide as D or L.

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Problem 3Multiple Choice

In the Fischer projection of D-galactose, alter only the stereocenter responsible for its D designation. What new monosaccharide have you created?

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Understanding Monosaccharides – D and L Isomerism

Understanding D and L isomerism in monosaccharides requires analyzing the stereochemistry at the chiral center farthest from the carbonyl group, typically the penultimate carbon. Drawing epimers, such as the C4 epimer of D-mannose or D-ribose, involves inverting the configuration at a specific stereocenter, which can change the sugar’s classification from D- to L-series. This skill emphasizes spatial reasoning and the ability to interpret stereochemical notation in Fischer projections.

Interpreting dextrorotary and levorotary properties involves distinguishing between optical activity and absolute configuration. While D and L refer to molecular configuration relative to glyceraldehyde, dextrorotary (+) and levorotary (–) describe the direction of plane-polarized light rotation, which is experimentally determined. Practice questions often require comparing these concepts to clarify their distinct roles in monosaccharide chirality.

Problem 4Multiple Choice

Identify whether the given compound is D or L in configuration.

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Problem 5Multiple Choice

Does the following compound have a D-glyceraldehyde or L-glyceraldehyde structure if the vertical bonds point away from you and the horizontal bonds point toward you?

Structural representation of D-glyceraldehyde for organic chemistry course.

Problem 6Multiple Choice

What is the significance of dextrorotary and levorotary properties in monosaccharide chirality?

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Problem 7Multiple Choice

Why are D and L designations considered limited in describing monosaccharide isomerism?

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Problem 8Multiple Choice

How does the penultimate carbon determine the D or L configuration in monosaccharides?

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Problem 9Multiple Choice

Given a Fischer projection of a monosaccharide, identify the configuration as D or L based on hydroxyl orientation.

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Problem 10Multiple Choice

Which of the following is true when determining the stereochemistry of glucose using the penultimate carbon?

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Problem 11Multiple Choice

Evaluate the statement: 'All D-configured monosaccharides have R configuration at the penultimate carbon.'

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Problem 12Multiple Choice

What information does a Fischer projection provide in the context of monosaccharide chirality?

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Problem 13Multiple Choice

How accurate is the statement 'to the right is D and to the left is L' for monosaccharide configurations?

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Problem 14Multiple Choice

Using the Cahn-Ingold-Prelog rules, how would you assign priorities to substituents on a chiral center of a monosaccharide?

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Problem 15Multiple Choice

Given a Fischer projection of fructose, how would you determine if it is D or L?

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Problem 16Multiple Choice

Analyze how the terms dextrorotary and levorotary are relevant in modern chemical practice.

Problem 17Multiple Choice

What was the original basis for assigning D and L configurations to monosaccharides?

Problem 18Multiple Choice

Where is the penultimate carbon located in a monosaccharide?

Problem 19Multiple Choice

In a Fischer projection, how can you differentiate the D and L configurations of mannose?

Problem 20Multiple Choice

When analyzing glucose, how do you apply the concept of the penultimate carbon to determine its stereochemistry?

Problem 21Multiple Choice

How do D/L configurations relate to R/S configurations in monosaccharides?

Monosaccharide Practice Problems Monosaccharides – Drawing Fischer Projections Practice Problems

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