Intro to Organic Chemistry Practice Problems

Only a few elements from the periodic table are present in the organic compounds.

Recalling from your memory, create a list of elements present in the first and second periods of the periodic table and place them in their respective positions. Many metals and metalloids are also part of organometallic compounds. Place Na, K, Mg, Al, and Si in your periodic table.

Which resonance structure below represents the "actual" structure of the molecule? Which of these resonance structures contributes more significantly to the resonance hybrid? What is the rationale behind its greater contribution?

Draw the hybrid orbitals of the molecule given below.

• CH₃Cl

Draw the hybrid orbitals of the CH₃CH₂OH molecule.

Draw the hybrid orbitals of the formaldehyde (CH₂O) molecule.

Draw the hybrid orbitals of the acetonitrile (CH₃CN) molecule.

Draw the hybrid molecular orbitals of the BF₃ molecule and determine the number of electrons present in the p orbital of boron.

Draw the molecular orbitals of AlH ₃ and determine the number of electrons present in the  p-orbital of aluminum.

Draw the structure of the following molecule with a three-dimensional depiction of the asymmetric carbon (carbon that has four different atoms/groups attached to it).

For the molecule given below, draw a structure with a three-dimensional depiction of the carbon that has four different atoms/groups attached to it.

Draw the structure of the below-given molecule with a three-dimensional representation of the carbon that has four different atoms/groups attached to it.

Show the bonding in cis-but-2-ene using the molecular orbital picture.

Show the bonding in prop-1-yne using the molecular orbital picture.

Show the bonding in but-1-en-3-yne using the molecular orbital picture.

Draw the molecular orbitals to show the bonding in propan-2-one.

Draw the significant resonance contributors for the compound given below. Indicate which components are major and which are minor contributors. Are there any major resonance contributors which contribute equally to the resonance hybrid?

Draw the significant resonance contributors for the compound given below. Indicate which components are major and which are minor contributors. Are there any major resonance contributors which contribute equally to the resonance hybrid?

Draw the significant resonance contributors for the compound given below. Indicate which components are major and which are minor contributors. Are there any major resonance contributors which contribute equally to the resonance hybrid?

Draw the significant resonance contributors for the compound given below. Indicate which components are major and which are minor contributors. Are there any major resonance contributors which contribute equally to the resonance hybrid?

Identify which member among the following pairs of resonance forms contribute more to the resonance hybrid.

Which of the following statements is correct?

A. The resonance energy of a carboxylic acid is higher than the resonance energy of an amide.

B. The resonance energy of a carboxylic acid is lower than the resonance energy of an amide.

Identify the given compound as one of the following:

Identify the given compound as one of the following:

Arrange the following amides in increasing order of their reactivity toward the hydrolysis in the presence of an acid.

Identify the missing products.

Draw the significant resonance contributors of the following species. Identify the major and minor contributors to the resonance hybrid. Are there any resonance contributors which contribute equally to the resonance hybrid?

Draw the significant resonance contributors of the following structure. Do all the resonance contributors contribute equally to the resonance hybrid? If not, identify the major and minor contributors to the resonance hybrid.

Draw the significant resonance contributors of the following species. Identify the minor and major contributors to the resonance hybrid. Are there any resonance contributors which contribute equally to the resonance hybrid?

Draw the significant resonance contributors of the following compound. Do all the resonance contributors contribute equally to the resonance hybrid? If not, identify the major and minor contributors to the resonance hybrid.

Draw the significant resonance contributors of the following structure.  Are there any resonance contributors which contribute equally to the resonance hybrid? If not, identify them as the major and minor contributors to the resonance hybrid. 

Draw the significant resonance contributors for the species given below. Indicate which components are major and which are minor contributors. Do all the resonance contributors contribute equally to the resonance hybrid? If not, identify the major and minor contributors.

Identify the resonance form which contributes more to the resonance hybrid.

Identify the resonance structure that contributes the most to the resonance hybrid.

Draw another resonance form for each of the following substituted allylic cations. Determine which resonance form is more stable in each case, keeping in mind the degree of substitution at the carbon atom where the positive charge is located.
a. 

b.