Skeletal Structure Practice Problems

Determine the errors present in the given structure below.

Consider the line-angle structure shown below:

(1) Identify the total number of carbon atoms.

(2) Label each carbon (use a, b, c, d, etc.)

(3) Determine the number of hydrogens on each carbon atom.

(4) Provide the hybrid structural formula.

How many hydrogen atoms are bonded to each indicated carbon in the structure of the morphine derivative shown below?

Draw the line-angle structure of the following compound.

Give a molecular formula that corresponds to each of the following structures. 

If possible, draw a stable structure for each molecular formulas of hydrocarbons shown below. Make a generalization for the numbers of hydrogen atoms in stable hydrocarbons.

C₄H₄  C₄H₅  C₄H₆  C₄H₇  C₄H₈  C₄H₉  C₄H₁₀  C₄H₁₁

C₅H₄  C₅H₅  C₅H₆  C₅H₇  C₅H₈  C₅H₉  C₅H₁₀  C₅H₁₁  C₅H₁₂

A scientist was able to isolate a few miligrams of pure testosterone, a primary sex hormone in males. When the scientist burned 5.00 mg of the testosterone sample he had isolated in oxygen, he found that 14.496 mg of CO₂ and 4.373 mg of H₂O were generated in the chemical reaction. Determine the molecular formula of testosterone if the molecular weight analysis showed that the molecular weight of testosterone is 288 g/mol.

Consider the line-angle structure of the compound 1-isopropyl-4-methylcyclohexane, and answer the following questions:

(a) How many carbons are there in the molecule? 

(b) Identify the marked carbons as 1°, 2°, 3°, or 4°. 

(c) How many hydrogen atoms are at the marked carbon?

Compound A is a compound found in goat's milk. A careful analysis showed that compound A contains 42.11% carbon and 6.48% hydrogen. No nitrogen or halogen was found. Determine the molecular formula of compound A if molecular weight analysis showed that compound A has a molecular weight of about 342 g/mol.

Determine the following based on the given line-angle structural formula:

I. total number of carbons;

II. labeled carbon atoms (using a, b, c, etc.);

III. number of hydrogens per carbon; and

IV. hybrid structural formula.

Consider the following line-angle drawing:

(i) Determine the number of carbons in the molecule. 

(ii) Determine the number of hydrogens of the encircled carbon.

(iii) Determine if the boxed carbon is 1°, 2°, 3°, or 4°.

Consider the following line-angle drawing:

(i) Identify the number of carbons in the molecule.

(ii) Identify the number of hydrogens in the encircled carbon.

(iii) Identify whether the encircled carbon is 1°, 2°, 3°, or 4°.

Consider the line-angle drawing shown.

(i) Label each carbon.

(ii) Determine the number of carbons.

(iii) Determine the number of hydrogens bonded to each carbon.

(iv) Provide the hybrid structural formula for the line-angle drawing.

Based on the following descriptions:

(i) no allylic hydrogen, three vinylic hydrogens, seven carbons, one double bond 

(ii) one allylic hydrogen, three vinylic hydrogens, seven carbons, one double bond 

(iii) two allylic hydrogens, three vinylic hydrogens, seven carbons, one double bond 

Provide the structures of the hydrocarbons.

Given the following perspective formula, provide the corresponding line-angle structure.

Change the following models to their corresponding skeletal structures.

Write down the molecular formulas for the three structures drawn below:

Derive the molecular formulas for the two structures drawn below:

Draw the structure of the below-given molecule with a three-dimensional representation of the carbon that has four different atoms/groups attached to it.

Give Lewis structures and molecular formulas corresponding to the following line-angle structures.

Structure 1: 

Structure 2: