So now that we've introduced the pro carry oats bacteria and archaea. In our previous lesson videos in this video, we're going to begin our introduction to you Correa. And so it turns out that the term you carry a is actually the plural form of the word and the singular form is actually you carry yogurt. And these are referring to organisms in one of the three domains of life. And so again recall from our previous lesson videos that there are three domains of life bacteria, Archaea and you carry a. Now the eukaryotic cells contain a membrane bound nucleus. Unlike the pro carry attic cells like bacteria and archaea that lack a membrane bound nucleus and you carry attic cells can either be uni cellular meaning that they're just made up of one single cell or eukaryotic organisms could be multi cellular meaning that they're made up of multiple cells. And it turns out that the domain you carry, it includes the four eukaryotic kingdoms of plants, animals, fungi and protests and the protests include the algae and the protozoa. Now, even though the domain you carry, it includes these four kingdoms, microbiologists tend to study only the microscopic eukaryotes. And so mainly microbiologists will be focusing on the fungi, algae, protozoa and helmets. And those are really the ones that are going to be the microscopic eukaryotes and the ones that are of main focus in the field of microbiology. And so if we take a look at our image down below, which will notice is that we're showing you the map of the microbial world. And already in our previous lesson videos, we've covered the pro carry out. So you can see that it's great out because we already covered it. And so moving forward here, we're going to talk about the microscopic eukaryotes, which can be uni cellular or multi cellular, and they're going to have a membrane bound nucleus. And so when it comes to this domain, you Correa, um notice that the microscopic uh, eukaryotic organisms are going to include the fun guy, the protests, which includes algae and protozoa as well as helmets. And so moving forward, we'll talk about each of these groups and introduce them briefly. And then what you can see is last but not least, we have the a cellular infectious agents here which are not eukaryotes. Uh, these are not cellular organisms. They are a cellular infectious agents. And again, we'll talk about those later in our course after we introduced the eukaryotes. And so this year concludes our introduction to the UK area. And again, we'll talk more about these groups, fungi protests and helmets as we move forward. So I'll see you all in our next video.

in this video, we're going to begin our introduction to fungi. And so fun guy is actually a plural term and the singular word is actually fungus. And so fungi are a diverse group of eukaryotes. They range from being uni cellular yeasts that are just made up of just one single cell to multi cellular filament. It's molds to even larger and more multi cellular mushrooms. And unlike plants, fungi actually do not carry out photosynthesis. And also unlike plants which have cell walls made of a policy Ackroyd called cellulose, fungi have cell walls made of another policy Sacco ride called chitin. Now, uh, fungi tend to harvest their energy from organic materials and the term organic is referring to molecules that have or contain carbon and hydrogen. And so if we take a look at our image down below, over here, on the left hand side, notice that we're showing you a little snippet of our map of the lesson of the microbial world, focusing in on the microscopic eukaryotes and mainly focusing in on the fun guy here And so notice that fun guy are a diverse group of eukaryotes. They range from being single celled or uni cellular yeasts like sacrifices services uh which you can see the image of the yeast cells right here and they can be used for making wine and beer and even bread as well. Which is why we have those images at the top here, fungi can also be multi cellular filaments, molds like what you can see down here, like penicillium rubens for example, which is the first mold discovered to produce penicillin, an antibiotic that can kill bacteria. Um and what you'll notice is over here we have an image of a Petri dish that is growing mold and uh some bread that is also growing mold on it as well. Now on the far right, what we have is even larger and more macroscopic, more multi cellular mushrooms, which are also an example of fungi such as m. Anita, musk aria, which is also known as fly bagaric. And so what you can see here is that fungi are a diverse group of organisms and they are part of the eukaryotic domain. And so this here concludes our brief introduction to fungi, and we'll be able to talk about some of the other groups of uh, eukaryotes as we move forward. So I'll see you all in our next video.

in this video, we're going to begin our introduction to protests, specifically algae. Now, algae is actually the plural form of the word. The singular form is alga. And once again, algae are a diverse group of eukaryotes, but specifically algae are photosynthetic eukaryotes, which means that they perform photosynthesis. And so they are also sometimes referred to as plant like protests. And so, uh, what you'll notice is that algae have a lot of similarities to plants in many ways, But one of the main differences between algae and plants is the algae can either be uni cellular or they can be multi cellular as well. And we'll be able to see some examples of that down below in our image. Now, algae are a diverse group of eukaryotes. They have a wide variety of shapes as you can see down below in our image, they can reproduce either sexually or a sexually. And they have cell walls that are made of cellulose, which is similar to how plants make their cell walls. Algae are usually found near the surface of either salt or fresh water or in moist terrestrial habitat. So they tend to like moisture and being wet environments. So if we take a look at our image down below, over here, on the left hand side, notice again, we're showing you a little snippet of our map of the lesson on the microbial world, focusing in on the microscopic. You carry ups and notice once again the algae are one of the groups within protests. And so over here we have a bunch of different examples of algae and you can see that they come in all different kinds of shapes and they can have different features as well. But they tend to be photo synthetic and very similar to plants. And so notice up here at the top left we have Odin tele, our ETa, we have your Adina elegance, you'd arena elegance. Then we have macro assistance pie peripheral uh which is also known as brown algae. Then we have Dean O brien divergence, also known as golden algae, valve, ox cart, terry and fake Asustek us right here. And so there are a bunch of these are just a small subset of some of the different types of algae. Um but for now this year concludes our brief introduction to algae. And once again we'll be able to learn a lot more about this group of organisms later in our course and we'll be able to press apply some of these concepts in our practice. So I'll see you all in our next video.

in this video, we're going to continue to talk about the protests but more specifically introduce the protozoa. And so protozoa is actually the plural form of the word and the singular form is protozoan. And so these protozoa are once again a diverse group of eukaryotes. But they're important distinguishing feature is that they are uni cellular eukaryotes and they have a lot of similarities to animals. And so sometimes they're referred to as animal like protests. Now, these protozoa once again, they are a diverse group and so they have a wide variety of different shapes. As you can see down below in our image, they can also reproduce sexually or a sexually. But unlike algae and unlike fungi and plants, these protozoa do not have cell walls. Now, most protozoa are going to be motile, which means that they are able to move around within their environments and they ingest organic materials or materials that contain carbon and hydrogen as a food source. And so, if we take a look at our image down below, over here, on the left hand side, notice once again, we're showing you the little snippet of our map of the lesson on the microbial world. And we're focusing in on the microscopic. You carry out specifically the protozoa in this video. And so notice over here on the right, we have a bunch of images of examples of protozoa including giardia. Do our analysis blast Blefary Esma japonica, um trypanosomiasis, Cruzi Central picks a sack, Yuliana plasmodium vivax, which is the cause of malaria and amoeba proteus. And so you can see that the protozoa are once again a diverse group of eukaryotes, but they are all single cell. They're all uni cellular. And so this year concludes our brief introduction to the protozoa. And once again, we'll be able to talk more about this group later in our course. But for now this concludes this introduction and I'll see you all in our next video

in this video, we're going to begin our introduction to helmets. And so helmets are yet another group of eukaryotes. More specifically, they are eukaryotic parasitic worms that will live at the expense of a host, which means that they tend to harm the host and tend to cause disease within the host, that they in fact now helmets are not technically microorganisms because some of them can be quite large, however, their eggs and their larva are microscopic. And so that's why helmets can be a focus within the field of microbiology. Now, helmets include flatworms and roundworms and tapeworms as well. And we'll show you some examples of helmets down below in our image. Now over here on the left hand side, notice once again that we're showing you a little snippet of our map of the lesson on the microbial world and we're focusing in on the microscopic. You carry out specifically the helmets here in this video. And so we're showing you a bunch of different examples of helmets over here on the right hand side, including and celeste. Oh, Maduro. Donnelly and carabias, vermiculite paris trickery is tricky era diploma medium Canon. Um Try canela spirals and skits to Soma men, Sony. And so these are all different examples of helmets. And so you can see that they are tapeworms and pin worms and whip worms and things of that nature. And so this here concludes our brief introduction to helmets and once again, we'll be able to talk more about this group of organisms later in our course. But for now, I'll see you all in our next video.