Which type of immunity becomes active as a result of infection by a specific microorganism?

• A. Adaptive immunity
• B. Innate immunity
• C. Passive immunity
• D. Herd immunity

Answer: (A)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Understand the different types of immunity: Innate immunity is the body's first line of defense and is non-specific, providing immediate protection against pathogens.
2. Recognize that passive immunity involves the transfer of antibodies from another source, such as maternal antibodies passed to a baby, and does not involve the body's own immune response.
3. Know that herd immunity occurs when a large portion of a community becomes immune to a disease, indirectly protecting individuals who are not immune.
4. Identify that adaptive immunity is the specific immune response that develops after exposure to a particular microorganism, involving the activation of lymphocytes and the production of specific antibodies.
5. Conclude that the type of immunity activated as a result of infection by a specific microorganism is adaptive immunity, because it is tailored to recognize and remember that specific pathogen.