Which of the following is an advantage of endospore formation in bacteria?

• A. Increased rate of binary fission
• B. Enhanced nutrient uptake during starvation
• C. Resistance to extreme environmental conditions
• D. Ability to perform photosynthesis

Answer: (C)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Understand what endospores are: Endospores are highly resistant, dormant structures formed by certain bacteria to survive unfavorable environmental conditions.
2. Consider the options given and relate them to the function of endospores: Increased rate of binary fission and enhanced nutrient uptake are active processes, whereas endospores are formed during stress when growth is halted.
3. Recall that endospores provide protection, allowing bacteria to withstand extreme heat, desiccation, radiation, and chemicals, which is a survival mechanism rather than a growth or metabolic advantage.
4. Recognize that photosynthesis is unrelated to endospore formation, as it is a metabolic process performed by certain bacteria but not connected to spore formation.
5. Conclude that the main advantage of endospore formation is the resistance to extreme environmental conditions, enabling bacteria to survive until conditions improve.