Which of the following statements about microbes is false?

• A. Some microbes are essential for processes like nitrogen fixation.
• B. All microbes are harmful to humans.
• C. Microbes include bacteria, archaea, fungi, and some protists.
• D. Microbes can be found in extreme environments such as hot springs and deep-sea vents.

Answer: (B)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Step 1: Understand the role of microbes in the environment. Many microbes perform essential functions such as nitrogen fixation, which is crucial for converting atmospheric nitrogen into forms usable by plants.
2. Step 2: Recognize the diversity of microbes. Microbes include various groups such as bacteria, archaea, fungi, and some protists, each with different characteristics and roles.
3. Step 3: Consider the habitats of microbes. Microbes are known to inhabit a wide range of environments, including extreme ones like hot springs and deep-sea vents, demonstrating their adaptability.
4. Step 4: Evaluate the statement 'All microbes are harmful to humans.' This is a generalization that is not true because many microbes are beneficial or harmless to humans, such as those involved in digestion or used in biotechnology.
5. Step 5: Conclude that the false statement among the options is the one claiming all microbes are harmful to humans, as it contradicts the known beneficial roles and diversity of microbes.