A cholera epidemic in Peru had all of the following characteristics. Which one led to the others?
a. eating raw fish
b. sewage contamination of water
c. catching fish in contaminated water
d. Vibrio in fish intestine
e. including fish intestines with edibles

Verified step by step guidance

1. Identify the sequence of events that could lead to a cholera epidemic.
2. Understand that cholera is caused by the bacterium Vibrio cholerae, which is often transmitted through contaminated water.
3. Consider how Vibrio cholerae could enter the water supply, potentially through sewage contamination.
4. Recognize that fish caught in contaminated water could harbor Vibrio cholerae in their intestines.
5. Determine which initial event could lead to the contamination of water, thereby setting off the chain of events leading to the epidemic.

Key Concepts

Vibrio cholerae

Vibrio cholerae is the bacterium that causes cholera, a severe diarrheal disease. It is typically transmitted through contaminated water or food, particularly in areas with poor sanitation. Understanding its transmission routes is crucial for identifying the factors that contribute to cholera outbreaks.

Waterborne diseases

Waterborne diseases are illnesses caused by pathogens in contaminated water. Cholera is a prime example, as it spreads when people consume water or food contaminated with Vibrio cholerae. Recognizing the role of water contamination is essential for understanding the dynamics of cholera epidemics.

Food contamination

Food contamination occurs when food becomes contaminated with harmful microorganisms, such as bacteria or viruses. In the context of cholera, consuming raw or improperly cooked seafood from contaminated waters can lead to infection. This concept highlights the importance of food safety practices in preventing disease transmission.