49. Animal Behavior

Pheromones are examples of __________.

Honeybees have a remarkable way of transferring information about the location of a food source to other members of the hive. The worker bees conveying this information use __________ communication to relay this information.

Graylag geese learn to follow their mothers. This is an example of __________.

How would you expect the behavior of a male fruit fly lacking the fru gene to differ from that of a normal male?

An aquaculture facility hatched salmon eggs and released young fish into a river leading to the ocean. The fish fed and grew in the ocean, and in a few years they returned to the facility. Because the number of returning fish was low, a scientist suggested adding a chemical to the river that would __________.

The enhanced reproduction, through apparently altruistic behavior, of related individuals with common alleles is referred to as __________.

Altruistic behaviors can be understood, in part, by considering the coefficient of relatedness (r) between the individuals involved. Assume that an individual mammal has the option to raise its own offspring, other genetic relatives, or a combination of offspring and other genetic relatives. From a genetic point of view, which of the following represents the least successful option?

The coefficient of relatedness between two brothers is __________.

Which of the following statements best defines an altruistic act?

Altruistic behavior __________.

Male prairie voles are monogamous. They are attentive to young and aggressive toward intruders. This appears to be related to __________.

A blackcap warbler from a captive migratory population is mated with another blackcap warbler from a captive nonmigratory population. The lab-reared offspring exhibit a modest amount of migratory restlessness. This behavior, which is intermediate between that of the two parents, could be interpreted as evidence for which of the following statements?

When Drosophila were exposed to a particular odor and electric shock at the same time, they started to avoid the odor. This is an example of __________.

One way to determine whether food preferences have a genetic basis is to __________.

In __________, an animal learns to associate one of its behaviors with reward or punishment.